C++ :: Forward Declaring Typedefs
Jun 13, 2014
I'm using some rather large external libraries, and I want to load them in my .cpp file only. so, my header looks like this:
namespace {
// hidden declarations
namespace geometry {
class Point;
class Polygon;
class Box;
//etc
}
}
In the declaration of the main class in that header, I merely use these as pointers or references. The .cpp file looks as follows:
// Boost
#include <boost/geometry/geometry.hpp>
#include <boost/geometry/geometries/polygon.hpp>
#include <boost/geometry/geometries/point_xy.hpp>
#include <boost/geometry/multi/geometries/multi_polygon.hpp>
[Code] .....
This doesn't work however:
error C2371: '`anonymous-namespace'::geometry::Point' : redefinition; different basic types
1> e:..........NavigationMesh.h(10) : see declaration of '`anonymous-namespace'::geometry::Point'
What can I do to forward declare external classes like this?
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Jan 12, 2014
I am writing a program that aims to be cross-platform, so it supports multiple low-level implementations for certain operations. My initial approach is to write an abstract class to use as an interface, and inherit from that when writing specific implementations.
However, I realized that the specific implementation that I will be using is known at compile-time, and I to not need any polymorphic behaviour. I realized that I could just write this:
Code:
class Impl1 {};
#ifdef USING_IMPL1
typedef Impl1 Interf;
#endif
Clients would then go on using the Interf type, regardless of the underlying implementation. The only drawback that I can see is that my Implementation classes are not forced to conform to an interface, but the compiler will tell me anyway if I try to use, in my client code, a method that is not defined.
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Jul 7, 2014
I recently noticed that I don't need to include the required header files inside header files that I have written myself. As as example, GLuint is defined using typedef unsigned int GLuint; inside glew.h. If I create a sample.hpp header file and mention GLuint without including glew.h, the compiler automatically works out that there is a typedef in glew.h. However, if I mention GLuint in a source file the compiler starts to complain. I have seen this happen in VS 2010 and 2013.
Edit: I should have mentioned that I am not including any other header files so I'm not indirectly including glew.h
In case you need to look at the code:
#ifndef CP_SHADER_LOADER_H
#define CP_SHADER_LOADER_H
namespace cp {
[Code].....
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Feb 24, 2014
After I enter in the 8 digit account number the program just stops and I can't find where the logical error is
Code: #include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
bool validateLength(string);
bool validateDigit(string);
void calculateA(string);
void calculateB(string);
void calculateC(string);
bool validateService(string);
[code]......
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Nov 14, 2013
I have a class "SelectionGroup" which derives from a class "RMFObjectContainer". RMFObjectContainer has member variables of type SelectionGroup, so I need to include SelectionGroup.h in the header of RMFObjectContainer.h.
However, since SelectionGroup needs RMFObjectContainer to derive from it, I get a typical case of mutual inclusion.
I then proceeded to put the forward declaration
class RMFObjectContainer;
instead of
#include "RMFObjectContainer.h"
into the header of SelectionGroup.h.
However, I receive the following compile error (MSVC2010), as if the forward declaration was unseen:
#pragma once
#include "Solid.h"
#include "Entity.h"
#include "SelectionGroup.h"
[Code]....
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Jun 6, 2012
Any difference between
Code:
class SomeOtherClass;
void foo(SomeOtherClass* p);
And
Code:
void foo(class SomeOtherClass* p);
I was told that "2" would limit the scope of the forward declaration to the declaration of foo... However, after testing it, it appears that both behave the same...
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Dec 30, 2013
How can I forward declare an inner class?
I currently have this:
Code:
class Enigma
{
public:
Enigma()=delete;
Enigma(char r1,char r2,char r3,char r4, char r5, char r6, char r7, char r8, char r9, char r10);
~Enigma(){delete[] R;}
Enigma(const Enigma& rhs)=delete;
Enigma& operator=(const Enigma& rhs)=delete;
[Code]...
I'd like to be able to define Rotor outside of Enigma, but the compiler complains about incomplete types.
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Apr 16, 2013
I am making a calendar to look similar to Outlook, but it is in c++ and I am starting from scratch. I have broken it into parts, and the part I am struggling with is making the next/previous month button to add to the calendar. I have a basic code, but I don't know exactly what I need to change or add to it. The code is,
#include "std_facilities_lib_3.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include "Graph.h" // get access to our graphics library facilities
#include "GUI.h"
#include "Window.h"
[Code] .....
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Feb 14, 2013
I want to change this code in c#.net.. But I am unable to do this.. i get error when i tried to session in some variable and when try to + it.
Code id (
Dim A As Integer = Session("Id")
p.Value = A + 1)
complete code is
cmd.CommandType = Data.CommandType.StoredProcedure
cmd.CommandText = "[Netx_Image]"
Dim p As New SqlParameter
[Code] .....
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Aug 23, 2012
i hit the point where i have two class templates that are dependent on each other (in detail, class a stores a pointer of class b), creating a cyclic include issue.
Usually i resolve this with a forward declaration, but i cant seem to figure out how to do it with a template class.In fact, ( i think) i got it to work for this :
Code:
template<typename T>
class a
{
public:
T x;
}
but not for this:
Code:
template<int b>
class b
{
public:
int getb(){return b;}
}
Where the template is not for a specific "type".
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Nov 7, 2014
I have a header file in which we include vector at the top. But we want to remove that include. On doing so I get compilation errors as the header file uses std::vector<> at several instances in header file so I have to forward declare the vector to solve this issue.how i can do it.
Header file :
#ifndef MKLMulticlassOPTIMIZATIONBASE_H_
#define MKLMulticlassOPTIMIZATIONBASE_H_
#include <shogun/lib/config.h>
#include <vector>
#include <shogun/base/SGObject.h>
namespace shogun {
[Code]...
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Feb 13, 2015
I am trying to compile the files below. The PosLin.cpp contains the SurTriAuto and SurTriPosRotAndQ functions below. Before adding SurTriPosRotAndQ, it compiled fine, but when I added SurTriPosRotAndQ, I am getting "invalid use of incomplete type ‘struct PosRotAndQ" error messages
I was thinking I could try moving SurTriAuto and SurTriPosRotAndQ to PosLin.h, but since they return "T*", I'm not sure what to do
I have a "t.h" file
namespace TNS
{
class T
{
[Code]....
when I add "include Pos/PL.h" to geopar.h, I get an error saying v.hpp is missing, where v.hpp is part of a 3rd-party software and it is already in my directory
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Mar 21, 2013
I am using OpenCASCADE environment to read STL file! I face a problem, with forward declaration error with the following
void StlReadIn::STL_Import() {
std::string FileName;
std::cout<<"
Enter the file name
";
std::cin>>FileName;
[Code] .....
Error message:
stlreadin.cpp:26:47: error: invalid use of incomplete type ‘struct StlMesh_Mesh’
/usr/local/oce-0.9.1/include/oce/Handle_StlMesh_Mesh.hxx:23:7: error: forward declaration of ‘struct StlMesh_Mesh’
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Apr 28, 2014
I am trying to fill an array of size 16 A-P forward and backward but im having a hard time filling the array with A-P. Here's what i have so far.
#include<iostream>
#include<iomanip>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int arr[16];
char mych='A';
[Code] ....
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May 8, 2012
Using c++11, but I don't think that matters here.
output.displayHeader() must execute before the inherited from ostream (cout) executes streaming data, or bad things happen. It's of course not as simple as in the example below, and I need to make sure displayHeader() is never missed.
I'm thinking I need to override the "<<" operator, having my own function call displayHeader(), then call the base (cout) "<<" operator. What's the proper syntax for doing this?
I can't call displayHeader() in the constructor, and I can't call it right after the object is defined. There are exception case scenarios where displayHeader() must not be called, and other things must happen instead.
I'm aware this will result in many redundant bool comparisons versus the way I'm doing it now, and I'm perfectly OK with that.
Code:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class myOutput : public ostream {
public:
myOutput() : ostream(cout.rdbuf()) {
[Code] ....
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Apr 28, 2015
I have to write a c program that will allow the user to enter names with ages. The name will be no longer than 40 characters. The name and age should be stored in a node of a doubly linked list. I cant use global data. I need to use 3 subroutines. the first one needs to enter the data and pass the head and tail pointers to the subroutine. the next subroutine needs to print the names and ages to the screen and file output.txt from first to last. the last subroutine needs to print out names and ages to the screen and file output.txt from the last to first.
Im getting several errors when i try to run this program. The first subroutine to get the data from the user and build the double linked list. but i seem to be having issues.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <string.h>
int entry(char [][41], int []); // subroutine used for data entry //
void printit(char [][41], int [], int); // subroutine used for data printing //
void reverseprintit(char [][41], int [], int); // subroutine used for reverse data printing //
[Code] .....
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Apr 12, 2014
I know how to make offsets/addressing formula of a straight forward N Dimensional array but how to make an offset and a storage allocation space for something tricky like:
1. A lower and upper triangular matrix?
2. A band matrix?
3. Making an offset for ragged arrays which have different row lengths?
4.A upper/lower triangular matrix using ragged arrays?
This is not for an assignment but preparation for an exam. I don't know how to go about on finding these out.
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Jun 11, 2013
I am working on a project in which I use DirectShow to Play / Pause / Stop the video. I am using slider bar to show the progress of the video. As the video starts playing, the slider bar moves in proportion to the video duration. Now when user moves/drags the slider bar to a new position, I want to forward the video in equivalent proportion.
Say if video duration is 50 seconds and max range of the slider bar is set to 100. slider will 2 steps for 1 second of video progress. Now if user drags the slider to 60 while video is playing, I want to increment/forward the video. if user moves the slider backward, video should move backward.
I have done with the slider moving along with the video and when user drags the slider. How to set the new position of the video, so that the video starts playing from that point.
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Jan 17, 2015
lets say we have a valid class with full implementation, X. can this class be declared as forward in Y header file:
Code: class X;
class Y{
X* m_X;
}
but still be used as regular in the cpp file?
Code:
#include "Y.h"
#incldue "X.h"
T Y::function(){
m_X->doSomething();
}
visual studio prevents me from doing it , I wonder if the standard also says so.
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Nov 6, 2014
I am putting a instance o the Vehicle Class inside the constructor of the Calculate Class then calling it later. I get a warning saying the variable is not used and a error when I try to used the functions from the vehicle class saying use of undeclared identifier.
Code:
#include <iostream>
#include "Calculate.h"
#include "Vehicle.h"
#include <fstream>
Calculate::Calculate(){
[Code] ....
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Jun 5, 2013
I am a bit confused about how specific one must be with arguments when declaring a function. I'll show you two functions from the book I'm using to learn C to show you what I mean.
Example 1 (greatest common denominator function):
Code:
void gcd (int u, int v) {
int temp;
printf ( "
[Code] ....
So in that function, there are exactly two arguments, because that's how many arguments the algorithm to find the gcd takes. No problem there, makes sense to me. Then further in the chapter on functions I run into this,
Example 2 (square root function):
Code:
float absoluteValue (float x) {
if ( x < 0 )
x = -x;
return x;
[Code] ....
In this second example, we have a square root function that is preceded by an absolute value function. The absolute value function has the one argument, "float x", however when this function is called within the square root function, the arguments "guess * guess * -x" are passed to it. I'm confused how this absolute value function is working with all of that inside it, when it was originally declared with just "x." The only possibility I can think of is that this expression is treated as a single unit, but I'm not sure.
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Apr 4, 2013
Code:
if (IS_LEAP_YEAR(year))
const int days_per_month[] = {0, 31, 29, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31};
else
const int days_per_month[] = {0, 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31}; Is it ok to declare the array in this manner or is it bad?
And i have to ask the user for a date to enter in my program. So should I use scanf or should I store the date in a string and then use sscanf. I have to check for valid input for everything like day, month, year etc. I did it as below..
Code:
int assignments;
assignments = scanf("%d / %d / %d", &month, &day, &year);
fflush(stdin);
if (assignments != 3)
{
printf("Retry: ");
}
else
error checking.
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Aug 1, 2013
Code:
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void){
int a=0;
for(;a<=10;)
int b;
return 0;
}
I have got a code like this. I don't expect to get an output but just assumed I would see the command screen until I terminated it. What I want to do is just declare a variable b in a endless loop. But what I got from the compiler is this error: error: expected expression before 'int'. I am using Code::Blocks and I think the compiler is GCC.
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Jun 30, 2014
We have been assigned to create an iTunes library. Everything compiles in my other .h file but my main is not happy with my object declaration. It keeps stating "primary expression before '{'". Here is my main code:
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<fstream>
#include"myTunes.h"
using namespace std;
//function protocols
void read(string);
[Code] ......
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Mar 18, 2013
I'm writing this program that basically interprets the rottentomatoes website. I am however having a problem declaring if it is rotten or fresh according to the rating the user enters.
I'm outputting it here:
void PrintAll(const string titles[], const int ratings[], int count) {
WriteLine('=', 50);
cout << "PRINT ALL" << endl;
WriteLine('-', 50);
[Code] .....
And here is my condition:
string RatingToString(const int ratings[], int count) {
string rank;
for(int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
[Code]....
Here is the output:
1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950
==================================================
MENU
1. Add Movie
2. Print All
3. Exit
--------------------------------------------------
Enter 1-3 : 1
Title : Hitch
Rating : 90
==================================================
[Code]....
My condition works when there is only one movie, but when I add more, it gives it the new movies "ROTTEN" or "FRESH" rank.
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Sep 26, 2014
Is it permissible to declare, for example, `std::valarray<int&>`? If so, how do I initialize such if the `valarray` is a class member?
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