C :: Why Constants And Variables Stored In Memory In Opposite Order Called
May 23, 2014
I'm playing around and wrote a tiny program.
Code:
char bracketin[] = "thisgetsbracketed.txt";
char bracketout[] = "bracketed.txt";
char testwalk[10] = "12345678";
[Code]....
I'm incrementing the pointer to buffer 150 bytes beyond its reserved 50. I see testwalk, followed by bracketout, followed by bracketin printed by the overflow on buffer.
The memory locations are ordered descending from their call order. Why is this the case?
One would think that they would be written in ascending order as I call them. I can only assume that they're compiled bottom up - where could I read about this process?
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Dec 5, 2013
Making a game of checkers on C++ win32, visual studio
when i want a piece to move, i type:
cout << "What piece do you want to move? (C4)" << endl;
i type in 'cin' after to get the players input, but how do i get it to store the players input in a certain variable? im going to have a list of variables:
string a1
string a2
string a3
etc
so if the user types in a2, it automatically goes to that variable and then asks the user "where do you want the piece to be moved to?".
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Jan 7, 2015
I want to declare a char* array, and then make any future variables declared to be stored in a specific location within the char* array. Is this even possible, and if it is how would I go about doing it. (I plan on storing any primitive data type in it (not classes or structs), and they may signed or unsigned).....
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Feb 9, 2015
Im trying to run my program and it works fine until the very end where I want it to read "<name> is a <gender> citizen of <nation>." with the corresponding variables. Here is my work for the time being. Also is there a way to make it where if someone puts a M or m for gender, it will spit out Male instead of just m or M.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char gender;
[Code].....
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Jan 7, 2015
I want to declare a char* array, and then make any future variables declared to be stored in a specific location within the char* array. Is this even possible, and if it is how would I go about doing it (I plan on storing any primitive data type in it (no classes or structs), and they may signed or unsigned). I want to be able to use the variables like any other variable, I just want the variable's address to be within the char* array.
I am trying to make a program that is similar to a virtual machine and an emulator put together, and it can only run one os (which will be hard-coded into to the program). The reason I wanted to do this is because it would be the easiest way to make sure that all variables in memory are in one contiguous block, that way the part that manages memory wouldn't have to store the locations of each variable (which would have been necessary for the virtual memory manager).
An example of what I am wanting to do is
char* ram [256]; // Address 0x00 to 0xff
// Code to make sure that new variables' addresses are in ram[] if necessary
unsigned short a = 5; // Gets stored at address 0x00
unsigned int b = a; // Gets stored at address 0x00+sizeof(a)
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Aug 23, 2014
For example when I have:
Class A{
B objectB;
};
Now when I instantiate the object of class A like:
main(){
A objectA;//option 1
A* pObjectA = new A();// option2
}
How is objectB stored in memory (stack heap etc.) for both options??
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Mar 21, 2013
So, if I'm right, computer store their data as binary values. So if I write int x = 5; , my computer converts the value of x from decimal (5) into binary (101) and stores it in memory as a a binary number. If I print that value on the screen that value is converted(by default) back into a decimal number before being printed on the screen.
Now, my question is if there is any way to print the value of x directly into binary(as it's stored in memory) without it being converted back into a decimal value?
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Mar 8, 2012
I am trying to write a client/server application that takes input to an array of structures from the user,stores the data in a shared memory segment and then writes the same to a file when I close the application. How do I get started? And how do I ensure that the server stores the data correctly? Also, the server needs to be a concurrent server that accepts connections from multiple clients.
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Jul 11, 2013
Small code to show overflow...But when I compile and run - buffer_one is not being overwritten when the byte size of buffer_two overflows .
Code:
#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
int value = 5;
char buffer_one[8], buffer_two[8];
strcpy(buffer_two, "two"); //Put "one" into buffer_one
strcpy(buffer_one, "one"); //Put "two" into buffer_two
}
[code]....
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Jan 30, 2014
I think there is no always need of keyword extern in order to declare variables globally. Is it right?
For example I can declare a variable globally in one file and use it in some other provided that I have included the last one file ( that has the declaration of the variable of course) and compile these files together :
gcc -c f1.c f2.c for example
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May 21, 2013
For static variables when the memory will be allocated? During compilation or linking or loading time? In below program i am getting error :
(Error C2099: initializer is not a constant in microsoft visual studio) .
If i initialize x = 10 or any constant it works , why?
Code:
main() {
int i=10;
static int x = i;//error ?
if(x==i)
printf("Equal");
[Code] .....
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Jan 16, 2013
i want to write a program that can access to variables and methods of another program. I ques for access to variables need to read memory, but about methods?how i can use methods and call them?
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Jun 22, 2013
Suppose I have two classes, MyClassX and MyClassY, each with two member variables, as defined below. I create an object instance of each class, and then create a pointer to each member variable for each object:
Code:
class MyClassX
{
public:
int a;
double b;
MyClassX(int _a, double _b)
[code]....
After converting the hexadecimal to decimal, it appears that with MyClassX, pxb is 8 bytes from pxa, whereas for MyClassY, pya is only 4 bytes from pyb. This makes sense for MyClassY, because the first member variable to be stored is an int, and so will occupy 4 bytes. However, why should this be any different for MyClassX, which also has an int as the first member variable, so shouldn't this also occupy 4bytes?
The reason I have come across this problem is that I am looking into streaming objects to memory and then loading them again. (I know boost can do this, but I am trying it out myself from scratch.) Therefore, this is causing an issue, because I cannot just assume that the size of memory occupied by an object is just the sum of the sizes of its member variables. MyClassX is 8 bytes larger than MyClassY, even though the intuition is that it should only occupy 4 bytes more due to a double being replaced by an int.
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Aug 12, 2013
I have an adjacent and opposite. I think I can use: tan(x) = opposite / adjacent but how do I get the tangent inverse?
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Apr 13, 2014
I'm using Visual C++ 2010 and SFML game library. I want to know how to move an object from right to left automatically and back left to right??
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Nov 21, 2013
What's the problem with the following:
Code:
#define K 3;
int max(int a, int b) {
return a>b? a : b;
} int main() {
cout<<max(K, K+3);
return 0;
}
Why is it not allowed, and how is it different from:
Code:
int max(int a, int b) {
return a>b? a : b;
} int main() {
cout<<max(3, 3+3);
return 0;
}
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Nov 18, 2013
I am working on a code that is suppose to get vowels and consnants from a string. So far i got up to trying to get the vowels from a string. this is what i have so far:
#include <iostream>
#include <string> // includes go into header
using namespace std;
int getword(string word);
int getvowels(string word);
[Code] .....
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Apr 3, 2015
I would like to know how can i set a constant attribute in the constructor. This attribute is an int value that cannot be changed.
For instance:
class Test {
public:
const int x;
public:
Test(const int val);
[code].....
With this code i get compile error!
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Nov 19, 2014
I have a templated class that can either use float or double as type.
My question is now: What do I do with constant numbers in the code?
Let's assume I have a multiplication by 0.5:
In the case of float type, I want: 0.5f
In the case of double type, I want: 0.5
One answer would be to check for every constant the type and doing an if/else, but this is very annoying with lots of constants.
The code using these constants infer their type automatically by the assignment, that's why I have to take care of the constants.
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Jun 29, 2014
"A constant, like a variable, is a memory location where a value can be stored. Unlike variables, constants never change in value. You must initialize a constant when it is created. C++ has two types of constants: literal and symbolic.
A literal constant is a value typed directly into your program wherever it is needed. For example, consider the following statement:
long width = 5
This statement assigns the integer variable width the value 5. The 5 in the statement is a literal constant. You can't assign a value to 5, and its value can't be changed.
The values true and false, which are stored in bool variables, also are literal constants.
A symbolic constant is a constant represented by a name, just like a variable. The const keyword precedes the type, name, and initialization. Here's a statement that sets the point reward for killing a zombie:
const int KILL_BONUS = 5000;
Whenever a zombie is dispatched, the player's score is increased by the reward:
playerScore = playerScore + KILL_BONUS;
If you decide later to increase the reward to 10,000 points, you can change the constant KILL_BONUS and it will be reflected throughout the program. If you were to use the literal constant 5000 instead, it would be more difficult to find all the places it is used and change the value. This reduces the potential for error."
what's the difference? Here is a program to demonstrate what I'm having trouble conceptualizing.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int width = 10, length = 10;
int area = width * length;
cout << "Width: " << width << endl;
cout << "Length: " << length << endl;
cout << "Area: " << area << endl;
return 0;
}
Now, why would it be harder to go in and changed a regularly defined integer than one defined with the 'const' keyword proceeding it? For example, the width and length variables. My confusion comes from the point that they seem to both simply be variables with a value assigned to them. I feel as if the process of having to change a literal constant's value is synonymous to the process of having to change a symbolic constant's.
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Mar 6, 2015
was just curios to know if there is a way to make the preprocessor compare against constants defined like this: Code: uint uint_max = -1;
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Oct 13, 2014
I need to write a program in which you do the following:
Define three named constants using the appropriate data types:
DEC_NUM = 65;
HEX_NUM = 0x7a;
LETTER = 'f';
Then display each of these constants in decimal, in hexadecimal, and as a character using cout. Your program will have a total of nine cout statements.
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Feb 17, 2014
My assignment is to create a simple stock broker program that ask the user how much they are willing to invest and ask what company they would like to invest in. Finally it outputs how many shares the user will have based on their investment amount. My code is below. My professor said to declare symbolic constants and factor out the if else statements. Ive been struggling trying to understand constant variables. How do I use const variables to factor out the if else statements?
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main() {
//Declare Variables
const double BAC = 16.7;
const double Citigroup = 49.52;
[code]....
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Sep 28, 2013
why strcmp() doesn't return true when comparing a string constant with a string that was acquired via a linked list. By the way, the data in the linked list was taken from a text file. Does that imply that there's a new line () character in the string from the linked list?
Code:
struct Node{
char ACNO[15];
struct Node *next;
[Code]....
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Jan 17, 2013
I want to know how mutex is working in process synchronization. Where these mutexes are stored in memory how another process know about this mutex?
If two different mutexes are having same name what will happen?
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Apr 9, 2014
How do you use a stored procedure with a WebGrid? Our coding standard say we cannot write sql statement directly in the code to include HTML.
[var Grid = new WebGrid(DB.Query("Select * from Menu")]
The above call must be a call to a stored procedure.
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