C# :: Are Methods Stored In Heap Or Stack?
Jan 29, 2012
I know that memory addresses in the stack can contain either values or references to other memory addresses, but do these memory addresses also contain methods or are the methods themselves located in the heap?
The confusion comes from the fact that in C# a delegate variable can be assigned either a method's identifier, an inline function, a lambda expression, or a new instance of the delegate type with the method's identifier passed as an argument to the constructor. My guess is that assigning the method's identifier directly to the delegate variable is just a simplified way of calling the delegate type's constructor with the method's identifier as an argument to the parameter, something that the compiler handles for you.
But even in this last case, the delegate variable is said to point toward the method itself. In that case, does it mean that methods are stored in the heap, just as reference type values are?
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Aug 14, 2013
I've got a VERY experimental function which takes data stored to a file and assigns it to a multidimensional array on the heap. It's designed for infinite dimensions by recalling itself with updated information but I don't think this is very safe.
The template function creates a heap array using a TYPE**, and recalls itself to create the new dimensions. I want to replace this with the much safer method of assigning just a single heap memory array and then only assign using the recalling method (unless I can find anything else).
To do this though I need to know how single dimensional arrays are stored on the heap, as well as multi-dimensional (for n dimensions). Where I can find this information?
btw I only need this for the Windows operating system, 32bit, I'm not exactly sure what 'C++ style' this is but I'm using Microsoft's Visual Studio Express 2012 as my IDE, so whatever that uses.
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May 21, 2013
Code:
m_vRenderObjects.push_back(new Objects(mOperatorMesh));
/// this is never called
~Objects(void) {
OutputDebugStringA("Cleanup Objects
");
if (StateMachine != NULL)
[Code] ....
This leads to ugly memory leaks.
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Apr 19, 2013
So I'm going through and trying to do a recursive implementation of a Heap. I keep getting access violations for some reason on my sifts (_siftUp) - even though I'm trying to insert into sub[0] (currSize = 0 in the constructor). I don't think either of my sifts are implemented correctly, are they?
Here's my Heap:
Code:
#ifndef HEAP_H
#define HEAP_H
//**************************************************************************
template<typename TYPE>
[Code].....
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Jun 3, 2012
If I have an array, and want to make a heap tree out of it using make heap and sort heap, how would I do it? I'm struggling because I didn't take any course in data structure.
I tried googling stuff and I got to the following:
Code:
#include <algorithm> // for std::make_heap, std::sort_heap
template <typename Iterator>
void heap_sort(Iterator begin, Iterator end) {
std::make_heap(begin, end);
std::sort_heap(begin, end);
}
The thing is, I don't know what's the "Iterator" doing exactly and what's begin/end, how can I use arrays with the former piece of code?
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Feb 6, 2014
I am creating a class that has a private array on the heap with a constructor that takes the size of the array and initializes it on the heap. Later I have to make a deconstructor delete the space and print out free after.In my code, I was able to heap a private array and make a deconstructor, but I don't know how to take the size of the array and initialize it on the heap. My guess is this:
int* size = new int();
Also when you initialize size on the heap, don't you also have to delete it too? If so, where, in the code, do you do that? Here is my code so far.
Class Student {
private:
int size;
int* array = new int[size];
public:
Student(); // Constructor
~Student(); // Deconstructor
[code]....
How do you make a constructor that takes the size of the array and initializes it on the heap
Student::~Student()
{
delete[] array;
cout << "Free!" << endl;
}
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Jul 10, 2013
10,11,20,1512,22,24,19,22
i want to write a c++ program to build min heap which gets above values from user. remember this program should not alloduplicate values to enter. it should discard duplicate values.
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Sep 16, 2014
I recently posted a question related to creating a heap template class. The ultimate goal is to create a series of classes that serve a purpose that was overlooked in the Qt library that I need for my current project.
The current "end goal" is a PriorityQueue template that uses a comparer class which is inherited from a "template interface". Basically a pure virtual class template. Perhaps that is the mistake to begin with but hopefully not. (Is this a valid approach?)The problem I am getting is that when I compile the code, it says my derived comparer class is abstract.
I will include all related classes here. I doubt it is relevant but the templates and the classes based off them are in different namespaces.Here is the comparer "template interface":
// in global namespace
template<class T>
class IIMQOBJECTS_EXPORT IQComparer {
virtual int compare(T& a, T& b) = 0;
virtual bool equals(T& a, T& b) = 0;
virtual bool isGreaterThan(T& a, T& b) = 0;
virtual bool isLessThan(T& a, T& b) = 0;
};
Here is the class that is supposed to be non-abstract but isn't recognized as such:
// in the application namespace AND IN SAME project that has the NetEventInfo class
// all functions ARE defined/implemented in a cpp file
class APPCORE_EXPORT NetEventInfoComparer : ::IQComparer<NetEventInfo*> {
public:
NetEventInfoComparer();
~NetEventInfoComparer();
[code].....
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Feb 5, 2014
I get a runtime error when I add a destructor to my code.
Code:
#include <iostream>
#include <array>
using namespace std;
struct nodes { int* elements; };
class heap
[code]....
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Sep 19, 2014
I used a heap viewer to check for memory leaks. I have many of them and its hard to find out where it is not being freed. Is their a way to use the debugger to log the addresses of the data it allocated on the heap. This way I can trace it back. Or is their any other way to fix memory leaks properly.
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Aug 2, 2014
I discovered valgrind and started using it for my c code. But I get following error message at almost every malloc position, :
==19505== 40 errors in context 10 of 12: ==19505== Use of uninitialised value of size 8 ==19505== at 0x10000416E: my_method (main.c:662) ==19505== by 0x10000159E: main (main.c:182) ==19505== Uninitialised value was created by a heap allocation ==19505== at 0x47F1: malloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:302) ==19505== by 0x100001C21: my_method (main.c:333) ==19505== by 0x10000159E: main (main.c:182)
and I really don't understand what it means. I already googled it but I didn't find out what is my mistake.SO here i just put one example:
Code:
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
//i declare my variables at this position
Uint *used, *forbidden_jumps, *forbidden_jumpsV,
*forbidden_jump;
/*now i want to allocate one of them, this is my line 333 from the error message*/
//a_num is set during the execution of the program,
ALLOC(used, Uint, a_num);
}
[code].....
Is there any support page for the output of valgrind? I found it on the homepage.
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Feb 27, 2015
This assignment is about Heap and PQ's to sort out jobs inside a printer. I'm far from finishing the assignment but the most important part isn't working. My issue is that nothing is getting stored inside the array. I keep getting crashes and at this point I'm not sure what to do. I notice that my destructor runs right after my "addJob" Function finishes, which is destroying the memory. Which might be why nothing gets stored inside OR I think my implementation of Heap/PQ is wrong.
Functions inside my test.cpp aren't properly done, they are made just to see if something is stored inside.
1. Check if I created the array correctly [PQtype.cpp / Heap.h/ PQType.h]
2. Am I even using/storing into the array. [Test.cpp "addJob" Function]
3. I'm also new to working with Class Templates.
PQType.h
template<class ItemType>
class PQType {
public:
PQType(int);
PQType(const PQType&); /
[Code] .....
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Nov 18, 2013
I developed the following heap sort algorithm code, and for some reason anytime it goes above 4100 entries, the algorithm completely crashes. It works perfectly up until that point but I can't see why it would crash?
void heap_from_root(MVector &v, int i, int n) {
int end=n,j=0;
// Identify the lowest root and how many sons it has. If it only has one son, set j=1.
if (n==1) { n = 0; j = 1; }
else if ((n-2) % 2 == 0) { n = (n-2)/2; }
else if ((n-1) % 2 == 0) { n = (n-1)/2; j=1; }
[Code]...
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Oct 28, 2013
I recently upgraded my operating system from Windows XP to Windows 7 SP1 64 bit. We are using Visual Studio 2008 Professional Edition and Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production.
When I try to execute this code I am getting the below exceptions
HTML Code:
try {
CDatabase *pDatabase = CDatabaseConnection::getDatabaseConnectionProcessLog();
ORSProcessLog rsProcessLog(pDatabase);
[Code] .....
Where rsProcessLog is the CRecordset object using a successfully connected database pointer pDatabase
In 32- bit Debug version I get a message box at rsProcessLog.Close(); with the below text Debug Error
Program: ......Test.exe
HEAP CORRUPTION DETECTED: after Normal block (#506) at 0x0087F628. CRT detected that the application wrote to memory after end of heap buffer.
Memory allocated at f:ddvctoolsvc7libsshipatlmfcsrcmfcdbcore.cpp(2626)
(Please Retry to debug the application)
In 32- bit Release version I get a message box at rsProcessLog.Close(); with the below text Windows has triggered a breakpoint in Test.exe
This may be due to a corruption of the heap, which indicates a bug in Test.exe or any of the DLLS it has loaded.
This may also be due to the user pressing F12 while Test.exe has focus.
The output window may have more diagnostic information.
The above code was a working code in Windows XP with the rest of the env remaining the same and it continues to run in Windows XP but not in Windows 7.
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May 17, 2013
I need to write a piece of code that opens a QuickTime VR image into an MFC Dialog. I drew a Dialog and put an "Apple QuickTime Control 2.0" into it. Then I created a Control variable in my Dialog class, called QtControl. In the OnInitDialog I set the file to open, calling the put_FileName of the control.
I tested it by:
- opening a dialog --> worked
- closing it --> worked
- opening again --> crashed. The error was:
"Windows has triggered a breakpoint in TestOcx.exe.
This may be due to a corruption of the heap, which indicates a bug in TestOcx.exe or any of the DLLs it has loaded.
This may also be due to the user pressing F12 while TestOcx.exe has focus.
The output window may have more diagnostic information."
I tried many things and googled a lot, but the only way that I found to avoid this crash was hardcoding a valid URL in the QtControl resources at compile time. In other words, if I write a valid absolute path to a .mov into the URL property of the QtControl from Visual Studio and compile it, then it works. Obviously, I can't do this because the absolute Path is valid only on my PC.
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Jan 6, 2014
I have questions about multiple inheritance and virtual methods. I have a class called solid. All objects of this class have hitboxes and can collide with others. I have the following methods:
void testCollision(something begin, something end);
/* This method takes a container's begin and end iterators to test if the object collides with any other object of the list of all the solids currently in the game area. Each time there is a collision, it calls collide(other) and other.collide(*this) */
virtual bool collide(solid& other);
/* This method always returns false and does nothing */
This class will be inherited by another class which will have overloads for a few specific collisions. For example:
class player : public solid{
public:
bool collide(projectile& other);
bool collide(enemy& other);
bool collide(wall& other);
};
My question is quite simple actually. If I have a loop which calls testCollision() with all elements in the list of all solids (a list of pointers to solids to be exact) and there is a collision between the player and a projectile, will testCollision call player::colide(projectile& other) or will it call solid::collide(solid& other). And in any case, did I understand how to use the virtual keyword? If I'm right, it should call the player::colide method if it's there for the specific type, else it will call the solid::colide which only returns 0, ignoring collision.
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Feb 15, 2012
I have h-file with definition of 3 classes. And cpp-file with realization methods of this classes. And when I compile the project errors - LNK2019 is apperead... How make that methods become visible?
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May 7, 2013
I'm writing a sorted vector implementation and trying to do it as simply as possible.
Right now, I'm declaring the sorted vector with a protected subclass of vector, then using the "using" keyword to explicitly inherit all methods that aren't related to adding new elements to the vector (so I can control the order).
Eg:
Code: template<typename T, class Cmp = std::less<T>>
class sorted_vector : protected std::vector<T>{
public:
typedef typename std::vector<T>::iterator;
using std::vector<T>::operator=;
using std::vector<T>::assign;
using std::vector<T>::get_allocator;
using std::vector<T>::at;
using std::vector<T>::operator[];
//...
};
Obviously, this is annoyingly redundant. So what I'd like to do is something using the new "delete" keyword from C++11. Is there any quick, expressive way of deleting specific methods?
Also, it's pretty annoying to have to typedef base_class::type type to inherit a type from a base class. Is there a shorter way to do that?
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Nov 21, 2013
How to i access setter from within a setter?
I know that getter methods can be access like
Code: getAccounts().getAccountNumber();
// for example but for setters how do i do it? this doesnt seem to work though
Code: setAccounts().setAccountNumber(accountNumber);
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Oct 20, 2012
Is it common practice to package methods with other elements(string-s, int-s, float-s, array-s...) of struct?
Than struct acts as a class or is acting similar to class and that have no sense to me? I am new to OOP .
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Feb 27, 2014
how to call the methods of the class.I have an object call v which is an array and I don't how to call the methods of the class. The error is here:
v.readDates(v[a]);
#include "Date.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
int a;
cout << " HOW MANY DATES DO YOU HAVE? " << endl;
[code]....
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Oct 9, 2013
I'm using lua 5.2.2 with luabind 0.9.
I'd like to be able to add additional class-methods through lua for any classes that I've bound in c++, but I'm unsure how to do it.
The problem is that luabind uses a function as the __index-metamethod for any bound classes instead of a table, so I don't see a way to access the class-methods at all.
e.g., I'm binding my classes like this:
luabind::module(lua) [
luabind::class_<testClass>("TestClass")
.def(luabind::constructor<>())
.def("TestFunc",&TestFunc)
];
What I essentially want to do is to add a lua-function to the list of methods for this class, and be able to overwrite existing ones:
local t = tableOfClassMethods
local r = t.TestFunc -- Reference to the c++-function we've bound
t.SomeFunction = function(o) end -- New function for all objects of this class
t.TestFunc = function(o) end -- Should overwrite the c++-function of the same name
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May 8, 2013
i have been trying to call out the tea algorithm from wikipedia. However i keep getting a segmentation fault. Am i calling it out the wrong way? Below are the snippets
methods taken from wikipedia
void encrypt (uint32_t* v, uint32_t* k) {
uint32_t v0=v[0], v1=v[1], sum=0, i; /* set up */
uint32_t delta=0x9e3779b9; /* a key schedule constant */
uint32_t k0=k[0], k1=k[1], k2=k[2], k3=k[3]; /* cache key */
for (i=0; i < 32; i++) { /* basic cycle start */
sum += delta;
[code]....
i tried to encrypt a test text and casting it to the uinstd32_t type. However it always gives me a segmentation fault.
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Feb 2, 2014
What is a method and what is an object?
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Jul 3, 2013
Creating the methods for class List
main.cpp Code: #include "List.h"
int main( )
{
List la; // create list la
la.push_front( "mom" );
la.push_back( "please" );
la.push_back( "send" );
la.push_back( "money" );
la.push_front( "hi" );
cout << "
la contains:
" << la << '
[code]...
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Oct 30, 2013
I need to override a few methods in FILE class so i defined few methods as
EnCrpt * fp;
fp * fopen(const char * filename, const char * mode);
int fwrite(const void * p,int length,int readLenth,FILE * fpp = NULL);
int fread(void * p,int length,int readLenth,FILE * fpp = NULL);
int fseek(FILE * fpp = NULL,long offset, int whence);
long ftell(FILE * fpp = NULL);
int feof(FILE * fpp = NULL);
int fflush(FILE * fpp = NULL);
int fclose(FILE * fpp = NULL);
I will call fread method in my encrypted file class .. similar to other methods.. is this correct ? can NULL file pointer create issue ?
Because i have so many place where FILE class called i don't want to change everywhere to call encrypted file class so i am override these methods to encrypted file class instead of standrd FILE class
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