I'm currently making a game and what happens is that during runtime, it suddenly closes and a message is shown in the console saying "Pure virtual function called at runtime".
Here is the code: [URL]
The problem seems to occur somewhere between lines 662 - 695. And it seems to only happen when the size of the vector reaches 1.
I have an AbstractAgent base class that manages a background thread. The actual work done in the background thread is accomplished through a pure virtual function call.
Here's the problem: because the base class is initialized prior to the derived class, there is a race condition in which the pure virtual call might occur before the derived class is initialized. Likewise, on teardown the derived class might deconstruct before the base class destructor has a chance to stop the thread.
I'd like to know if there are any well-known patterns for dealing with this problem. All I can think of is providing start() and stop() methods which can be called from the most-derived class's constructor/destructor, but that strikes me as inelegant.
when I should use pure virtual functions.On the one hand, "TOY" for example should be an abstract class since theres no such thing as "TOY" , there are "toy cars", "toy fighters" etc , but on the other hand I need to force it somehow to be abstract since theres no really a function that any toy should have and implement on his own way (except PRINT maybe).
when I should REALLY use pure virtual functions? And if I want to avoid people from creating TOY objects (for example), the only way is PURE virtual functions. right?
I develop add-ons for MS Flight Simulator and I use the poorly documented SDK for this. The SDK provides a .h file in which an interface class is defined (with pure virtual methods only), something like this:
Code:
class IPanelCCallback {
public:
virtual IPanelCCallback* QueryInterface (PCSTRINGZ pszInterface) = 0;
virtual bool ConvertStringToProperty (PCSTRINGZ keyword, SINT32* pID) = 0;
virtual bool ConvertPropertyToString (SINT32 id, PPCSTRINGZ pKeyword) = 0;
};
In my code, I use this interface like this:
Code:
IPanelCCallback* pCallBack = panel_get_registered_c_callback("fs9gps");
...
SINT32 id;
pCallBack->ConvertStringToProperty(propertyName, &id);
Everything works fine, but I don't understand why... I thought the linker would stop with an "undefined symbol" error because the IPanelCCallback methods, such as ConvertStringToProperty, are declared as pure virtual but defined nowhere, and I don't use any library for linking. With such an interface class, I thought I would have to defined a subclass of IPanelCCallback and define the ConvertStringToProperty method.
I'm working with inheritance and pure virtual functions, and I want to overload an output stream operator. However, every time I run the program I get this: 0x7fff00ee98c0.
I'll include a base class and a derived class so you can see what I'm talking about.
Base:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#ifndef _Insurance_h_
#define _Insurance_h_
[Code]....
The application is something like this (I'm assuming the user has already inputted the name, salesperson, make, model, etc):
#include "Auto.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <vector>
vector<Insurance *> sales;
[Code] .....
I have the following classes and 'dreaded diamond':
A
/
/
B C
/
/
D
|
|
E
Classes B & C both inherit from A using public virtual A.
E is the only concrete class. None of the classes are totally abstract.
Every class has a copy constructor.
All of the copy constructors are chained together through the initialization lists.
E correctly calls D's copy constructor.
D correctly calls B and C's copy constructors.
But neither B nor C call A's copy constructor, although A's default constructor is called. To reiterate B and C have a call to A's copy constructor in their initialization lists.
I guess A's default constructor is being called is because of virtual inheritence, but why isn't its copy constructor called (too)?
A's copy constructor includes some very important code and I could do with calling it. Should I call it from the concrete class' initialization list or is that considered bad form?
Is there any way to track what functions from what class are called at runtime? What I mean is a list of functions or classes which have been called at runtime.
View 1 Replies View Relatedclass Parent{
public:
virtual int width();
virtual int height();
int area(){return width()*height();};
[Code] ....
Ok so I am working on a game and I'm in the process of developing my Player class. Anyways, what I have is a keyboard function that is called in my main function to make a shape move.
void myKeyboardFunction(unsigned char key, int x, int y) {
switch ( key ) {
[Code].....
But when I try to call it, trying to copy my previous method,
glutKeyboardFunc(Player1.playerControls);
I get an error
error C3867: 'Player::playerControls': function call missing argument list; use '&Player::playerControls' to create a pointer to member
I get an error saying it can't convert parameters. I would just like to understand why the arguments become a problem when I make the function a member of my class, when the first method I used is so easy.
I am working on this project where I need a function to be called every second. At this time, I am thinking that I have to create a thread but I am clueless on how it will get called every second.
View 5 Replies View Relatedhave a look-
class Base
{
private:
{
[Code].....
my question is why we can't directly call the member function of the desired class instead of using virtual function.
***********same program using virtual keyword*******************
class Base
{
private:
{
[Code].....
Why we generally prefer the 2nd one i.e with virtual keyword. why we can't directly call the member function of the desired class instead of using virtual function...make me understand this point..
I am new to C and trying to reverse a string but the function is not getting called.. the console says :
Enter a stringabhi
bash: line 1: 229 Segmentation fault (core dumped) ./program
Code:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<string.h>
char* reverseString(char input[]);
void main()
[Code] ....
Here are the classes:
BaseClass.h
Code:
class BaseClass {
public:
BaseClass();
virtual ~BaseClass();
virtual void printStuff() const;
[Code] ....
When I call printStuff, the DerivedClass's function gets called. Now, if I remove the const part from the DerivedClass's printStuff function, we call the BaseClass's printStuff function.
I have this header file called Shape.h containing these function declarations. and a Shape.cpp which contains the body of the function. I am not showing it since it is not needed.
//This is from Shapes.h header file
#ifndef SHAPES_H
#define SHAPES_H
#include <iostream>
[Code]....
I have this unfinished Main.cpp because the third line "JuanSanchez::Circle *pCar = new Circle; " is giving me a compiler error "error C2061: syntax error : identifier 'Circle' "
#include "Shapes.h"
int main()
{
const int arrayIndex = 4;
JuanSanchez::Shape *myShape[arrayIndex];
JuanSanchez::Circle *pCar = new Circle;
}
What Could be causing this error?
I want to overload pure virtual function from 3rd party SDK class to put my debug messages like that:
errorStatus aXsaction(){printf(_T("
abort transaction"));transactionManager->abortTransaction();}
#define transactionManager->abortTransaction() aXsaction()
But compiler complains on the minus sign:
error C2008: '-' : unexpected in macro definition
Is it possible to trick the compiler?
There is already a thread with exactly the same problem I have, but the answer to solve the problem isn't stated at the end. Problem with callback as classmember.
View 4 Replies View RelatedAs I am taking my first steps in C, I study K&R (I guess most of you did the same, right?)
In the introductory chapter about functions (1.7) there is an example showing how to create a function that is then called to calculate powers (b**n). I simplified it to calculate only one given power, 2**5:
Code:
#include <stdio.h>
int power(int m, int n);
main() {
printf("%d", power(2,5));
[Code]....
It will then be called to make the calculation in the above string.
First things first: we already know how to use while(getchar!=EOF) to count characters (K&R chapter 1.5.2) but what if -instead- the input is a specific string? How to "read" it and how to tell my program that the string is finished? And most important: "reading" will be done in the function or in the rest of the body?
So on lines 36 - 39 (The commented out functions) is where I'm sure is causing this error because once I don't comment them out pretty much everywhere Flink or Rlink is used or defined I get this error.
#ifndef nodes_Nodes_h
#define nodes_Nodes_h
#include <cstdlib>
[Code]....
How to find the size of an array in called function? When we pass the array a argument to function definition we will be having base address of array, so my understanding is that we will not get the size of an array? but is there any hacking for this to find size of array other than passing as size an argument to this called function?
View 3 Replies View RelatedWrite a recursive function called sumover that has one argument n which is an unsigned integer. the function returns double value which is the sum of reciprocals of the first n positive integers =.
for example sumover 1 returns 1.0
sumover 2 returns 1.5 like 1/1+1/2
I defined a virtual class and three other classes based on it. I want to use them like this:
int main() {
Dirichlet_t D;
Neumann_t N;
Cauchy_t C;
PDEBoundary_t * B1=& D;
PDEBoundary_t * B2=& N;
PDEBoundary_t * B3=& C;
[Code] .....
but I got two major errors
1: "object f abstract type is not allowed" error.-----why not?
2: "the derived class must implement the inherited pure virtual method"-----Did't I?
I wrote the following program, it can be compiled and run, but there is warning saying that if virtual function is defined, there should be a destructor. How to do that I tried many different ways I can thought of, but none of them works.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class cell_c {
public:
double p;
cell_c() {p=1;}
virtual void print() {cout<<p<<endl;}
[code]....
I have a function and i want to delete a file when the function is called and starts it's loop i have used this code but unfortunately the file is not deleted ?
Code:
void evaluate(void) /*evaluate the population */{
int mem;
int i;
double x[NVARS+1];
char buffer[101] = {"save.txt"};
[Code] .....
Is there anyway we can return 2 values from a called function. Example
Code:
float xxxx(float a, float b, float c, float d)
{///
///
///
}
void xxx() {
int e,f,g,h;
////
////
xxx(e,f,g,h);
}
So if I want for example a+b and c+d, can i return those 2 answer? I don't think its possible since I am new into C programming.
I am trying to bend my head around polymorphism but I can't figure out how to use the virtual method properly. I have the following superclass:
Code: class comparable
{
public:
comparable();
virtual bool compare(comparable &other)=0;
}; and the subclass:
Code: class score : public comparable
{
public:
score(string player,int highscore);
bool compare(comparable &other);
string name;
int highscore;
};
My problem is that I do not know how to define the virtual function compare in the subclass score:
Code: bool score::compare(comparable &other){
if(this->highscore > other.???){
...
}
}
How do I tell the compiler that the type is of score?
Instead of this:
#include <iostream>
struct Object {
int size; // Want to avoid this because size is (almost always) constant
Object (int s): size(s) {} // for every Object subtype.
[Code] ....
I want this:
#include <iostream>
struct Object {
virtual int getSize() const = 0;
};
struct Block: Object {
int getSize() const {return 5;} // always 5, except once in a blue moon it may change
[Code] ....
The Decorator Pattern works (getSize() can then return 6) but it is a poor choice for my program because it will cause more problems (due to many containers holding its old address, among other things. Any way to achieve this without any change of address, and without creating new storage somewhere, either inside the class or outside the class (too much responsibility to follow that stored value for the rest of the program just for this rare change, and creating a data member uses up too much memory for the many, many Block instances)?