C++ :: Member Variables On Stack Or Free Store?
Feb 18, 2014
I'm struggling with the whole stack/heap thing. I totally see the need to create objects on the free store to outlive functions, however, I don't see the purpose of "new" when working with classes.
Code:
class Person{
public:
Person(std::string strName, int number);
~Person(void);
Resource r;
[Code] .....
Now, what is the difference? Why would I need to create a Resource on the free store? Both variables named r live until the destructor runs, right?
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Nov 10, 2013
my clsLocalStudent inherits from clsStudent. How to i set my accounts information (accountNumber, accountHolderID . . . . .)?
Code:
#include <iostream>
#include "clsInterest.h"
#include "clsDate.h"
[Code]......
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Mar 21, 2012
Code:
class CObjects {
int m_CurrentTime;
int m_Steps;
AStarList* OPEN;
AStarList* CLOSED;
std::vector<AStarNode *>solution;
[code]....
CCB is derived from CrowdEntity and in turn is derived from CObjects Inside CObjects, I declared AStarList *OPEN; Why would howmany become garbage (cdcdcdcd) when I reference it in GetBestNode()
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May 6, 2013
So I have this text file that I am trying to read from and store the values of each line in multiple variables. Let's say my text file contains
AXSYZ3482 Tom 100 112 and my code below here works fine when the lines in the text file is separated by spaces.
Code:
while (fscanf(fp, "%s %s %d %d
", userID, name, &startLoc, &endLoc) != EOF) {
printf("%s %s %d %d
", userID, name, startLoc, endLoc);
}
But let's say my file was to look like this instead.
AXSYZ3482:Tom:100:112
But if i try this below...
Code:
while (fscanf(fp, "%s:%s:%d:%d
", userID, name, &startLoc, &endLoc) != EOF) {
printf("%s %s %d %d
", userID, name, startLoc, endLoc);
}
It seem to store the entire line in userID including the ":". I want to ignore the ":"'s and store everything in between in respective varibles in the order specified above.
So first string in userID, then ignore the :, then second string in name, and ignore the next :, and so forth.
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Dec 8, 2014
So I have to read from a file, and store the information in separate variables. My problem is that for some of the information I need multiple words, and for others I don't, so I cant simply store 1 word into a variable and store the next in another in so on. To demonstrate what I mean let me give an example.
Dog Cat Blue Bird Snake White Horse
I am able to store "Dog","Cat","Blue","Bird"...etc in variables but I don't know how to make it so I can store "Dog" in one variable, "Cat" in a second variable. and "Blue Bird" in a third variable. "Snake" would be the 4th and "White Horse" would be the fifth. How can I read a file and manipulate the pointer to grab what I need?
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Apr 8, 2015
C++
Create a Triangle class that has the following member variables:
side1 - a double
side2 - a double
side 3 - a double perimeter area
The class should have the following member functions:
- default constructor that sets the value of all 3 sides of a triangle to 0.0
- a constructor with arguments that accepts values for the three sides of a triangle (member variables) as arguments
- setDimensions - a function that allows the value of the three sides to be entered by the user through the keyboard
- testSides - a function that determines if the 3 values entered can actually be the sides of a triangle. If they do not create a triangle, print the values entered and an appropriate message
--The sum of any two side lengths of a triangle must always be greater than the length of the third side: so side 1 + side 2 > side 3 and side 1 + side 3 > side 2 and side 2 + side 3 > side 1 ( all three must be true for the 3 values to make a triangle)
- getSide1 - a function that returns the value of side 1, getSide2 - a function that returns the value of side 2, getSide3 - a function that returns the value of side 3
- getArea - a function that returns the area of a triangle: The formula for the area of a triangle (when the height is not known) is: A = sqrt (p(p-side1)(p-side2)(p-side3)) where p = (side1+side2+side3)/2
- getPerimeter - a function that returns the perimeter of a triangle: Perimeter = side1 + side2+ Side 3
- A displayTriangleInfo function that displays side1, side2, side3, area, and perimeter for a triangle object.
After testing your code for a single object, create an array of 5 triangles. Use a for loop and the setDimensions function to allow the user to set the values for the 3 sides of a triangle, test the vales entered to determine if the 3 create a triangle. If they do create a triangle than use the getArea and getPerimeter functions to calculate the Area and Perimeter for the triangle and use the displayTriangleInfo function to display all of the data for that triangle. If the three values do not create a triangle then print the 3 numbers entered and an appropriate message. In either case the loop should then move on and get the data for the next triangle from the user.
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Jun 22, 2013
Suppose I have two classes, MyClassX and MyClassY, each with two member variables, as defined below. I create an object instance of each class, and then create a pointer to each member variable for each object:
Code:
class MyClassX
{
public:
int a;
double b;
MyClassX(int _a, double _b)
[code]....
After converting the hexadecimal to decimal, it appears that with MyClassX, pxb is 8 bytes from pxa, whereas for MyClassY, pya is only 4 bytes from pyb. This makes sense for MyClassY, because the first member variable to be stored is an int, and so will occupy 4 bytes. However, why should this be any different for MyClassX, which also has an int as the first member variable, so shouldn't this also occupy 4bytes?
The reason I have come across this problem is that I am looking into streaming objects to memory and then loading them again. (I know boost can do this, but I am trying it out myself from scratch.) Therefore, this is causing an issue, because I cannot just assume that the size of memory occupied by an object is just the sum of the sizes of its member variables. MyClassX is 8 bytes larger than MyClassY, even though the intuition is that it should only occupy 4 bytes more due to a double being replaced by an int.
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May 6, 2013
So I have this text file that I am trying to read from and store the values of each line in multiple variables.
Let's say my text file contains
AXSYZ3482 Tom 100 112
and my code below here works fine when the lines in the text file is separated by spaces.
while (fscanf(fp, "%s %s %d %d
", userID, name, &startLoc, &endLoc) != EOF) {
printf("%s %s %d %d
", userID, name, startLoc, endLoc);
}
But let's say my file was to look like this instead.
AXSYZ3482:Tom:100:112
But if i try this below...
while (fscanf(fp, "%s:%s:%d:%d
", userID, name, &startLoc, &endLoc) != EOF) {
printf("%s %s %d %d
", userID, name, startLoc, endLoc);
}
It seem to store the entire line in userID including the ":". I want to ignore the ":"'s and store everything in between in respective varibles in the order specified above.
So first string in userID, then ignore the :, then second string in name, and ignore the next :, and so forth. How I can accomplish this?
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May 27, 2014
i want to store reference to a const object in my class as a member variable, as follow:
I basically want a readonly reference to |Data| in Device object.
Code:
class Device {
Device(const QList<QSharedPointer<Data>> & dataList) : _listRef(dataList) {
} protected:
const QList<QSharedPointer<Data>> & _listRef;
}
This does not allow me to initialize _listRef as something like NULL when it is not applicable.Also, i must change all my constructors and its child class to include an initialization of _listRef!!
What is the alternative? Is pointer the nearest? which of the following should be used?
Code:
const QList<QSharedPointer<Data>> * _listRef;
or
const QList<QSharedPointer<Data>> *const _listRef;
or
const QSharedPointer<QList<QSharedPointer<Data>>> _listRef; ????
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Sep 30, 2014
I have created a windows form project in visual studio so that I can use a windows form to interact with the game class that I'm creating, but I'm running into some problems.
For one thing, I would like to be able to call Image::FromFile() one time only during initialization, and store the result in a member variable (called mBGImage). From what I can tell, the variable needs to be of type String^ (this caret symbol is new to me, but I understand it is the "managed code" version of the standard pointer, which would look like String*).
When I try to compile the following code (located in my header file) I get the error :
"error C3265: cannot declare a managed 'mBGImage' in an unmanaged 'BSG::BSGame'".
How can I store the result of Image::FromFile() permanently in my class?
When I try to declare a global variable of type "Image^", I get "error C3145: global or static variable may not have managed type System:rawing::Image ^"
#include "stdafx.h"
using namespace System;
using namespace System::ComponentModel;
using namespace System::Collections;
using namespace System::Windows::Forms;
[Code] ......
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Aug 22, 2013
I can't get my code to compile, i need to read in lines from a file and store them in variables. Then i have to construct instances of my class for how many lines there are in the file and take those variables into them.
I'm getting this error :
"a2.cpp:40: error: cannot convert `Employee' to `Employee*' in assignment"
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<fstream>
void displayInfo();
using namespace std;
class Employee{
[Code] .....
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Feb 22, 2013
I have two classes, a Package class and a Person class. The Package class has two Person objects has member variables, a Sender and a Receiver. While overloading the << operator for the Package class so that it will make an output label from everything in the Package class. Here is my code...
class Package{
public:
Person Sender;
Person Reciever;
int weight;
double cost;
friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, Package &pack);
[Code] .....
So my problem is on that last output line, I am unable to call Sender.getName()... etc. Is there a proper syntax so that I can access the members of the Person class while overloading the << operator for the Package class?
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May 1, 2013
I am having trouble compiling my interface. I am trying to store a reference variable as a member variable of the interface object. Compiler says that the variable has not be initiated correctly.
LCD inherits from VisualInterface which is expecting a DisplayDriver object to be passed in (DisplayDriver is another interface, but thats not important).
I pass the displayDriver object in when LCD is instantiated in maininterfaces.zip
I was pasing it before as a pointer but was told that this could cause me problems with memory leaks and a reference was better, but now I cant seem to get it to compile.
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Jul 7, 2014
Code:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<math.h>
/* h(a)=abcab,h(b)=acabcb,h(c)=acbcacb */
void h_i(int i, char *w, char *a, char *b, char *c)
[Code] .....
Above program increases string like this example.
Let say h(0)=01 and h(1)=10 and let say our first string is w=0 h(w)=01, h^2(w)=0110 h^3(w)=01101001..etc.
We have used h map, which is given in the program comment statement. Same thing, program is doing for three letters. These three letters we have passed as argument in h_i function. e.g. h_i(2,w,"a","d","g") function will apply the 3 letter map h(definition is given in commented form in program) 2 times on string w.
In program w=a; and three letters are a, d and g. /* h(a)=abcab,h(b)=acabcb,h(c)=acbcacb */ here b=d and c=g.
Above program gives core dump at free(w2) free(w1). if we remove these free statements then it gives correct answer. But, we want to free w1 and w2 in the above code. How can we make free both w1 and w2 strings?
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Feb 24, 2013
how is the best way to free unsigned pointer array allocated with cmallc?
Code:
uint8_t *buf;
buf = cs_calloc(ca->len + 13);
i do like this , but i know this is not quite right , since i got compile warning passing argument 1 of ‘free’ makes pointer from integer without a cast
Code:
for (i = 0; i < ca->len + 13; i++)
{
free(buf[i]);
buf[i] = NULL;
}
free(buf); do i need to free each element of array like above?
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Jan 8, 2014
This compiles o.k.:
Code:
int main(void){
char *a;
a = (char*) malloc (100*sizeof(char));
[Code]....
I get an error saying "pointer being freed was not allocated". This happens for free(a), free(*a), free(&a), free(&*a).
So if I no longer need "1234567"... how do I get rid of this memory element?
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Mar 16, 2014
I'm trying to free allocated memory for structure. It seems like free() gets only pointer and not regular types . my question is basic and simple – is passing pointer to free() frees the pointer or the variable it points at? or both?
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Feb 20, 2015
I don't use Visual Studio and/or C++ so I would like to do it without them. I found this article c++ - How to determine CPU and memory consumption from inside a process? - Stack Overflow
I tried some lines of code but no one works for me.
Code:
#include "windows.h"
typedef struct _MEMORYSTATUSEX {
DWORD dwLength;
[Code]....
These was just my first tries to work with da MEMORYSTATUSEX.
I would like to find out if there is free memory at least ... (some value) and similar.
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Feb 27, 2014
I'm currently trying to write a program that takes an integer input from the user and displays that number of square-free numbers. I've gotten most of the program to work, but I encounter an error during the noSquare function that causes it to print incorrectly.
A square-free number is a number that is not evenly divisible by the square of any prime number. It's hard to see the bold in the code area, but it begins after the "//I think below is where the problem is"
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
[Code]........
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Feb 27, 2014
I'm currently trying to write a program that takes an integer input from the user and displays that number of square-free numbers. I've gotten most of the program to work, but I encounter an error during the noSquare function that causes it to print incorrectly. I have bolded the area where I believe the problem is what I am doing wrong.
The problem with the program is that it prints ALL numbers from 1 to the input number instead of just the square-free.
A square-free number is a number that is not evenly divisible by the square of any prime number ....
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
bool noSquare (int num); //Function to determine if the number is square-free
vector<int> getPrimes(int num); //Function to get a vector of all primes below num
bool isPrime (int number); //Function to determine if individual numbers are prime
int main()
[Code]...
By the way, the in the middle of the code was me trying to bold a section, not an actual part of the code. I can't seem to find where to edit my original post.
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Nov 5, 2014
There is a part in the lesson that explains how malloc is used to allocate free memory to a pointer and gives us 2 examples:
Code:
float *ptr = malloc( sizeof(*ptr) ); and Code: float *ptr;
ptr = malloc( sizeof(*ptr) );
From my logic in the first case we allocate the memory to *ptr and in the second to ptr.
It's a bit confusing, am I missing something?
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Jun 13, 2014
Consider this program:
Code:
// sb_string class v1.04
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
typedef struct sb_string {
[Code] ....
And here is the output I got:
Code:
[harshvardhan@hari-rudra] ~/Desktop% gcc49 -o test test.c
[harshvardhan@hari-rudra] ~/Desktop% ./test
-before Value of len = 1
(in_function)-before Value of len = 1
(in_function)-after Value of len = 1
-after Value of len = 1 I was trying to make a little easier to work with string. Once the memory is allocated by malloc via sb_init() function, the sb_massacre function wasn't working to deallocate the memory. I had used multiple versions of gcc and clang but the result is same.
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Nov 22, 2013
How to free the memory and address,value
Server:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
[Code] .....
Client:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
[Code] .....
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Feb 28, 2013
I have following method to calculate a 16bit hash on a per definition unique string:
uint16_t IReferenceHolder::getHash(const std::string &ref) {
return std::inner_product(ref.begin(), ref.end(), ref.begin(), (uint16_t)0) % 65437;
}
Actually it calculates an inner product on each character adding it to the last result (see [URL] .....).
65437 is the nearest prime to 2^16. In fact I never need the full range of 16 bit, therefore 65437 different hashes are enough.
Empirically it seems - on unique strings - to be collision free. The strings have an maximum size of 255.
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Nov 23, 2014
Code:
_int64 free_space_64bit;
PULARGE_INTEGER lpFreeBytesAvailable, lpTotalNumberOfBytes,lpTotalNumberOfFreeBytes;
//char currentPath[MAX_PATH];
//GetCurrentDirectoryA(MAX_PATH, currentPath);
GetDiskFreeSpaceExA("H:C", lpFreeBytesAvailable, lpTotalNumberOfBytes,lpTotalNumberOfFreeBytes);
free_space_64bit = lpFreeBytesAvailable->HighPart << 32 | lpFreeBytesAvailable->LowPart;
This directory "H:C" does exist, if I comment out the GetDiskFreeSpaceExA line, the program doesn't crash, but it leads to some peculiar results (some uninitialized and random value, but at least it doesn't crash)
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Feb 23, 2014
I get the following error in XCode whenever I try to access the member I created 'randomGen' in a separate class in a different header file. I have made sure to include the header file and have tried to access it through an object.
This is the code I enter when trying to access the method from randomiser.h in main.cpp. It is also an overloaded function with doubles and integers:
RandomG randomiser;
randomiser.randomGen(); // 'Call to member function 'randomGen' is ambiguous'
This is the code inside randomiser.h:
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
using std::string;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
class RandomG {
[Code] ....
This is the error inside xcode: [URL] ....
I have tried seperating the code for the functions in another class (main.cpp) and then running and it seems to works, so I'm not sure why I can't put everything in the .h file and then access it?
I would like it in a seperate file so it doesn't clutter my main. I am writing a game with SDL so that might be confusing and I would like the window to have a random title and other random properties, so it would be easier to use a function.
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