C++ :: Copy Constructors In Inheritance

May 16, 2013

#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
class CBox // Base class definition
{
public:
// Base class constructor
explicit CBox(double lv = 1.0, double wv = 1.0, double hv = 1.0) : m_Length(lv), m_Width(wv), m_Height(hv)

[Code] .....

This example produces the following output:

// Derived class copy constructor
CCandyBox(const CCandyBox& initCB): CBox(initCB) {
std::cout << std::endl << "CCandyBox copy constructor called";
// Get new memory
m_Contents = new char[ strlen(initCB.m_Contents) + 1 ];
// Copy string
strcpy_s(m_Contents, strlen(initCB.m_Contents) + 1, initCB.m_Contents);
}

It will work right? Cause when I do "CBox(initCB)" it only sends the BASE part of the derived object to the base class copy constructor, is it copy or default?

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C++ :: Copy Constructors For A Dynamic Array

Dec 13, 2013

I am trying to figure out copy constructors for a dynamic array and I am definitely missing something. If I go into the copy constructor routine during debug, the values appear to be correct but they don't percolate up to the newly created object. I'll post a portion of the code below:

Code:

// include header files for the classes that are being used
#include "stdafx.h" //

NOTE: THis reference must be added to all cpp files in Visual Studio Express 2013

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <map>
using namespace std;
const int ARRAY_SIZE_DEFAULT = 32;
class vectorOfInt {
public:

[code]....

The size of c is 0. Values of a were not copied to c, although they appear to do so within the copy constructor routine.

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C++ :: Copy Constructor Not Called In Virtual Inheritance

Apr 10, 2013

I have the following classes and 'dreaded diamond':

A
/
/
B C
/
/
D
|
|
E

Classes B & C both inherit from A using public virtual A.

E is the only concrete class. None of the classes are totally abstract.

Every class has a copy constructor.

All of the copy constructors are chained together through the initialization lists.

E correctly calls D's copy constructor.

D correctly calls B and C's copy constructors.

But neither B nor C call A's copy constructor, although A's default constructor is called. To reiterate B and C have a call to A's copy constructor in their initialization lists.

I guess A's default constructor is being called is because of virtual inheritence, but why isn't its copy constructor called (too)?

A's copy constructor includes some very important code and I could do with calling it. Should I call it from the concrete class' initialization list or is that considered bad form?

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C++ :: Tag Dispatching Constructors

Dec 24, 2014

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

struct A {
struct Tag{};
std::string name;
int value;
A (const std::string& n, int v) : name(n), value(v) {}
A (const std::string& n, int v, Tag) : name(n), value(v) {std::cout << "Constructor with Tag called.

[Code] ....

How to avoid having to type out a second near-identical constructor for any class like D and E which have specialized constructors different from A? You can imagine the nuissance this causes if there are many classes like D and E (and with many parameters) that need the Tag parameter. The nuisance will be there to when making changes to the constructors. Delegated constructors I don't think will work because of passing `tag` into the parent's constructor. Is there some sort of inheritance trick I can apply simultaneously to all such classes to get them all to behave like B and C's constructors?

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C++ :: Constructors In A Singleton

Apr 6, 2013

I need to implement a singleton, so I've been reading about it online and I'm still not quite sure about all the types of constructors I need to declare:

Code:
class my_singleton {
private:
my_singleton();
my_singleton(my_singleton & X);
my_singleton(const my_singleton & X);

[Code] ....

Is this OK?

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C++ :: Multiple Default Constructors Specified

Dec 16, 2014

I have an inherited class that essentially manages a Qt Window.

It is as follows (prototype below):

class QTMyOpenGLWindow : public QWindow, protected QOpenGLFunctions {
Q_OBJECT

[Code] ....

Now, I can understand the confusion of the compiler, but the functionality as I laid it out works for me (I can create the class with just specifying the parent and also have the option of preventing auto-initialization when creating). But, is there a better approach?

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C++ :: Constructors In Derived Classes

Apr 7, 2014

As long as no base class constructor takes any arguments, the derived class need not have any constructor, if one or more arguments are used then it is mandatory for the derived class to have a constructor and pass the arguments to base class constructors. While applying inheritance, we usually create objects using derived class. Then it makes sense for the derived class to pass arguments to the base class constructor. When both the base and derived class contain constructors ,the base class constructor is execute first.

In case of multiple inheritance, the base classes are constructed ,in the order in which they appear in the declaration of the derived class. Similarly in a multiple inheritance the constructors will be executed in order of inheritance. Since the derived class takes the responsibility to supply initial values to the base class,we supply the initial values that are required by all the classes together where the derived class object is declared.

The constructor of the derived class receives the entire list of values of arguments and pass them on to the base constructors int the order in which they are declared in the derived class

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C++ :: Using Constructors In Template Class?

Sep 13, 2014

The code below references to a header file and implementation .cpp file, which are not important. My question is what is the proper way to use a constructor in a main file. I have been getting "invalid use of" errors when using letters.Pair(a,b), where Pair(T a, T b) is a constructor that accepts arbitrary type T of variables 'a' and 'b'. So I played around a bit and suddenly found a syntax that works. I need verification for the syntax below:

#include <iostream>
#include "pair.h"
#include "pair.cpp"

[Code].....

Are the comments with the asterisks correct? As in this is always the way you initialize and assign? So letters.Pair(a, b) is not the right way to use constructors?

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C/C++ :: Calling Constructors With Parameters

May 28, 2014

I created 3 Rectangle pointers. And later in the program, I would like to modify these existing Rectangles by calling constructors with parameters. Is this possible? I have a sense that it involves creating overload operators, but I am not sure how to do it, or if that's the correct path.

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
// Base class
class Shape {
protected:
int width;
int height;

[code]....

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C++ :: Link Error Although All Constructors Appear To Be There

Feb 16, 2015

I'm getting a massive 1300 char link error with VC10. It appears to complain that it can't see the constructor although the constructor is definitely there.

Error:
test_GatewayNS.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: void __thiscall std::allocator<class BinarySearchVector::ElementTemplate<class Gateway,unsigned __int64> *>::construct(class BinarySearchVector::ElementTemplate<class Gateway,unsigned __int64> * *,class BinarySearchVector::ElementTemplate<class Gateway,unsigned __int64> * const &)"

[Code] ....

However, the constructors seem to be there and if I copy them into my program just to make sure - the compiler complains that they are already defined:

namespace BinarySearchVector {
template <class ElementType, class IdType> class ElementTemplate //allows comparison functions to be redefined {
public:
ElementTemplate(IdType myId) : id(myId), tickCount(0), requestingDeletion(false) {};

[Code] ....

Any clues as to what I'm missing ?

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C++ :: Default Constructors And Header Files?

Jun 8, 2013

I'm working on trying to figure out constructors and header files. Can ya'll help me out with this? I'm sure my code looks like a mess as I tried to piece together different solutions I've found. There's also an attempted copy constructor and operator function. Basically my problem is my source file says there is no default constructor for my class type. Here's my header code:

#include <iostream>
#ifndef _car
#define _car

[Code].....

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C++ :: Writing Test Programs Involving Constructors

Jan 30, 2014

I am currently trying to write a test program involving constructors. I know what I am about to ask is pretty basic stuff but Visual Studio is not recognizing when I declare strings for some reason. My code isn't completed yet but as I am typing string in to declare the variable in the class Visual Studio is not recognizing string as a usable value.

Code below:

#include <cassert>
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string>

using namespace std;
class college {

[Code] .....

Like I said... this is completely unfinished I just need to understand why my strings aren't being recognized.

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C++ :: Class Constructors And Data Member Initialization

Oct 29, 2014

I recently discovered the new - new to me anyway! - feature of modern C++ that allows you to set the initial value of a data member when you declare it:

class CINTWrapper{
private:
int m_iData=0;
};

This even extends to calling member functions that work with initialization I believe:

class CStringWrapper{
private:
wchar_t* Allocate_Array(const int iBufferSize);
wchar_t* m_pString=Allocate_Array(1);
};

At first, this seemed an extremely useful piece of functionality that C++ had been lacking all along. However, the more I thought about it the more it struck me this feature actually undermines one of the principle design elements of the language - that being the Constructor.

As I understand it the primary purpose of the Constructor is specifically to give the programmer a place where it is guaranteed he can always initialize his data members before anything else is done with the class. However, given the new initialization rules this is no longer necessary. So it largely seems to me that Constructors as a whole are no longer necessary either! Copy-Constructors are a special and vital case. Admittedly when I was using them for their intended purpose I hated either the redundancy you had to introduce across multiple Constructors; those with and without arguments and so on, or alternately the fine tuning of helper-functions to do common initialization between these variants. Now however I sort of regret this cast-iron rule has been taken away.

As a last point, I am trying to change the way I think about programming. I am trying to employ more objects than pure C-style ('int' or 'double', etc) data types and especially to move into templates (although absolutely NOT the Hewlett Packard template library!). Given my current understanding of inheritance in particular it seems to me that using pre-initialized data members rather than Constructor-initialization makes object derivation even more complicated, not less so.

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C++ :: Multiple Constructors Calling Parent Constructor

Dec 6, 2013

I have a class that extends another class, and I want multiple constructors in the child class, but the child constructor needs to call the parent constructor. This is what I have

In the child class:

ChildClass::ChildClass() {
ChildClass(1);
}
ChildClass::ChildClass(int i)
: ParentClass(i) {
// do stuff
}

In the parent class:

ParentClass::ParentClass(int i) {
// do stuff
}

In my main program:

ChildClass child1;
// do stuff with child1
// breaks
ChildClass child2(1);
// do stuff with child2
// works fine

Using the default constructor breaks my program at runtime, but using the one with a parameter works fine. The default constructor calls the other with the same thing as the main part in the program, so I would think this should make no difference, but obviously that isn't the case.

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C++ :: Streaming Input Through Two Constructors (two Classes - Using ADTs)

Jan 7, 2013

I have a main .cpp file which contains int main(int argc, char** argv) and 2 included personal headers which correspond to their linked implementation files.

What I am trying to do is use ifstream to pass integer values from a text file into my program, have the program execute, and then output those modified integers back into the same text file. I have tested the "program" portion of my project using declared values. I know that my program does what I have intended for it to do, but I can't seem to properly inject any outside data using files.

Here's what I have (not including all of the unrelated objective code):

Main.cpp

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
file File;
std::string gameFile = File.findFile(); // prompts user for existing file
if(gameFile.size() > 0) { // load saved game
std::ifstream in;
in.open(gameFile.c_str());

[Code] .....

In game.cpp, I am unsure of Player = new player; and Player = new player(data);. I have never tried doing this. This is simply my best guess of how to make this mess work properly. Hopefully I am close?

Game.h:

#ifndef _GAME_H_
#define _GAME_H_
#include "player.h"
class game {
std::string loadedGame;

[Code] .....

In game.h, I haven't yet tried anything like player* Player;. As stated in my comments above for game.cpp, I have no clue how to go about this.

player.cpp:

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <time.h>
#include "player.h"
player::player() {
srand(time(0));

[Code] .....

In player.cpp, I really have no clue where to start with the issue. I'm not even exactly sure if any values are being passed to these variables. Though, I honestly haven't taken much time to problem solve. I don't want to waste a lot of time just to find out that my attempt is incorrect and/or unconventional.

player.h

#ifndef _PLAYER_H_
#define _PLAYER_H_
class player {
public:
player(); // default

[Code] ....

So really, my concerns are: Is my attempt mostly correct? If not, why?

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C/C++ :: Overload Operator With Friend Function Using Constructors

Dec 26, 2014

I want to overload prefix and postfix increment(++) operators with friend function. I also have to use the constructors for this. How can I do this? in C++

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C++ :: Constructors / Classes For Expression Tree Program

May 7, 2012

Previously I made a infix postfix calculator with integers only using structures, which had only three files

1.main.cpp,
2.arithmetic_expression.cpp
3.arithmetic expression.h,

I manged eventually to bring it together. now there are 5 files which are using classes, constructors and destructors and there can be letters in the expression that can have assigned values. Newnode, struct node and all that fine and dandy stuff made sense, this doesn't. What needs to be done in those empty functions in arethmetic_expression.cpp? It was going well until I reached createxpressiontree{ in th arithemetic_expression.cpp and those constructors in there. At that point I missed my structures and was totally confused by the constructors. I know constructors are supposed to create objects, but then I dont know what i am creating the object for and what that object is supposed to do.

1.main.cpp
2.arithmetic_expression.cpp
3.tree.cpp
4.arithmetic_expression.h
5.tree.h

Main.cpp

Code:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include "arithmetic_expression.h"
#include <map>
int main() {
// arithmetic_expression expression1;
// Testing the RPN input

[Code] .....

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C++ :: Inheritance Slows Down Process

Sep 5, 2013

i have read that inheritance slows down the process.because a_class -> b_class -> c_class it goes thorough many classes to find a function or a value. people advices not to do it more than a few times. what if instead of inheritance we are using headers, would it slow down the process also??i mean which one is faster? and arent both the same when we use headers or used inheritance.

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C++ :: Object Inheritance And Encapsulation

Jan 17, 2014

I want to define a base class A which allows different type of logging (file stream, console, etc). In the meantime, I want a class B to to be able to call A's print function (i.e. derived class C's print function which defines the logging method). However, I don't want to make A's print function to be public because it will only be called by B.

class A {
protected:
virtual void print(void);
};

[Code] .....

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C++ :: Virtual Keyword In Inheritance?

Feb 19, 2014

How to put virtual keyword in the function of the base class. Will the function still be over-written properly? What will happen if I

(1) call function from base class pointer
(2) call function from derived class pointer
(3) call function from derived class object

If the virtual keyword is present, the over-written version will be called in all cases, am I mistaken?

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C++ ::  Inheritance Using Base Method With Other Name?

Feb 18, 2015

I have 2 classes with a Function with the same definition (both inherited from the same base class) and in my derived class I derive from both of those 2. Is it possible to use the Methods of both classes? for example with an other name?

class A {
protected:
int print(int a) { std::cout << "int A: " << a << std::endl; }
};
class B : A

[Code] ....

is there something like using C::print as printc;?

The Problem, I have a Sprite class that derives from a Rectangle with properties Position, Size, Origin and Angle and a Text class that derives from Rectangle. Now i have a Button class deriving from both Sprite and Text.

- The Position, when moving the Button i have to change the position of both so i Implemented a new Method which calls SetPosition from the Sprite and the Text.
- The SetSize just affects the Button so i just did using Sprite::SetSize;
- The angle affects both so i just implemented a new Method and hide the other two

The problem is here:
- The Origin: writing button.SetOrigin(-1,0) should set the Origin of the Button and writing button.SetTextOrigin should set the Origin of the text.

Should i just reimplement a Mehtod named SetTextOrigin and call Text::SetOrigin from there and hide the button.Text::SetOrigin or is there something like using Text::SetOrigin as SetTextOrigin?

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C++ :: Array Of Objects And Inheritance

Dec 20, 2013

I have Class A as a base class , and Class B , C derived classes from A and there's class D who have a data member (pointer to Array) of type A (Composition)

class D{
A **a;
int size;
.......
a = new A*[size];
......
};

And i have Print method , in its body i have to specific element (if it from class B or C ) with a given ID(both B and C have a data member ID ) there should be 2 options in print function .. printing elements for class B , or printing elements for class C ? how can i specific the elements ?

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C# :: How To Use Encapsulation / Polymorphism And Inheritance In WPF

Oct 20, 2014

I have been reading up about object oriented programming recently and have come across 'Encapsulation, Polymorphism and Inheritance' as i understand it so far all OOP programs should use these three concepts. So i started thinking how do i get these concepts into my program as i am using WPF C# and i could not really find much good info about how these concepts apply to WPF programs.

Or do these concepts just not work with WPF programs?

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C# :: Inheritance In WinForm Design

Feb 23, 2014

I have two Form Employee and Instructor, here Employee is super class of instructor.

public class Instructor: Employee
{
//Instructor class
}

I am able to access all property of Employee inside instructor class but with these some textbox and button design inside Employee design is also getting inherited inside Instructor design and i don want this and i want to maintain the parent-child relationship between Employee and Instructor.

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C++ :: Self-Deleting Objects With Inheritance

May 27, 2013

I'm writing a bunch of classes like Form, Button, etc. All these are derived from a base Object class. I want to make these objects auto-delete, so I only have to declare the new keyword, and the program will clean them when necessary. I understand the implications of dereferencing, I just have a couple of questions about my code.

I through this run-down example together:

Code:
#include <Windows.h>
#include <map>
class Object {
public:
Object() {};
~Object() {};
void *operator new(size_t size);
void operator delete(void *ptr);

[Code] .....

I have added a static variable of std::map type called m_Dynamic. I have overloaded the new and delete keywords (within the Object class) to keep the m_Dynamic map up-to-date. This prevents objects created on the stack from being deleted.

The object itself can then be deleted via the base Dispose() method. Or methods such as Destroy() can be added in derived classes and call upon Object::Dispose() themselves. This can be overloaded, etc, but eventually will be removed from the public view. I only have it here for testing.

From what I can tell everything "works", though I'm uncertain that the object is being correctly deleted.

Though, my main concern is that when a derived class such as Circle calls Dispose() which in turns fires delete this. Does it free() the sizeof(Object) or does it correctly free() the sizeof(Circle)?

Are there any other things I should be vary of? I only just started playing with new/delete overloading yesterday.

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C++ :: Array Of Class With Inheritance?

Jun 6, 2012

Shape base class, line and Point derived classes. What should I declare in .h files and implement in .cpp files that this is array will be work.

My major concern refer to operator [] and assign (=) operator. As far as I understand I should overload ([]) and (=) three times for classes shape , line and point or not... or is it possible made through virtual function? How will be code looks like ?

Code:
// part of main.cpp
Shape* shapes[3]; // Array of pointers to Shape
shapes[0] = new Shape();
shapes[1] = new Line ("line from array ", Point(1,22),Point(33,22));
shapes[2] = new Point(11,44);
cout << "using ToString function" << endl;
for(int i=0; i < 3; i++)
cout << s[i]->ToString();
for(i=0; i < 3; i++)
delete s[i];

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