Basically it has to do with the byte ordering in a binary buffer vs the typing of a variable used to hold it.
To give you an example, if I have a buffer (say of indefinite length), and a ptr "ptr" pointing to a byte in the buffer (say, C0), such that if I open the buffer in a binary viewer it reads like this: Code: C0 DD FE 1F Such that this is true:
Code:
/*ptr is uint8_t*/
*ptr == 0xC0
Then I do this:
Code:
uint16_t var;
var = *(ptr+1);
I would expect the result to be:
Code: DD FE /*56830*/
Though if I print that out with:
Code:
printf("%u
", var);
It'll print:
Code: 65245 /*(FE DD)*/
Now obviously it's byte swapped, but what is causing that? I'm assuming if I just stream that out to a file byte by byte it'll be fine, so it's something with the 16 bit data type (also have seen this issue with a 32 bit data type, where all 4 are in reverse order). Is there any way to 'fix' it except bit shifts & masks?
Trying to write very simple code to read a 4 byte int from a file.
code:
int tester; FILE *fp; fp=fopen("/home/bdluser/skeleton.blx","rb"); fread(&tester,sizeof(int),1,fp); printf("tested 1 byte read should be 1: %i",tester);
I have tried editing the binary file....it outputs similar large numbers
I am parsing a binary data file by casting a buffer to a struct. It seems to work really well apart from this one double which is always being accessed two bytes off, despite being in the correct place.
If I attempt to print GROSS using printf("%f", row->GROSS) I get 0.0000. However, if I change the type of GROSS to char[8] and then use the following code, I am presented with the correct number...
Code:
typedef struct example { double d; }
example; example *blah = (example*)row->GROSS; printf("%f", blah->d);
I am writing a program where I need to read a byte of char data and convert it into a text string of binary data that represents the hex value...
i.e. The char byte is 0x42 so I need a string that has 01000010 in it. I've written the following subroutine....
------------- My Subroutine ---------------------------------------------------------------------- void charbytetostring(char input, char *output){ int i, remainder; char BASE=0x2; int DIGITS=8; char digitsArray[3] = "01";
[Code] ....
When I submitted the byte 0x42 to the subroutine, the subroutine returned to the output variable 01000010... Life is good.
The next byte that came in was 0x91. When I submit this to the subroutine I get garbage out.
I am using a debugger and stepped through the subroutine a line at a time. When I feed it 0x42 I get what I expect for all variables at all points in the execution.
When I submit 0x91 When the line remainder = input % BASE; gets executed the remainder variable gets set to 0xFFFF (I expected 1). Also, when the next line gets executed..
input = input / BASE; I get C9 where I expected to get 48.
My question is, are there data limits on what can be used with the mod (%) operator? Or am I doing something more fundamentally incorrect?
I just started my task with Ordering system. what should I use if I'm going to ask the user if he wants to exit the system, he will press(zero)0 to exit the program and press Y(uppercase or lowercase) to continue?
Here's the objective of the program: "Instead of using ABCDEFGHIJ to order letters use DCBAJIHGF go order. The program should determine which 4-letter word is larger of two based on this new ordering system."
Not even sure how to start with this problem , how would I go about defining my own ordering system?
I have 10 or so .sql scripts (the number is likely to rise) which are required to be kept with a C# application.
For the most part the embedded resources seem to work fine , however I require a way in which to guarantee the ordering in which the files are run.
What I do currently:
Retrieve the details of the embedded resources using : Assembly.GetManifestResourceNames()
(and a bit of linq to filter based upon my requirements) which I pass to a list, I then later on use the list to grab the physical resource when its needed.
The files are named such as:
1_ScriptDescription.sql 2_ScriptDescription.sql 3_ScriptDescription.sql 10_ScriptDescription.sql <--- Here's my problem! This will come after 1_ScriptDescription.sql
Ideally I need a way in which to order the list or some kind of ordering when I pull from
Assembly.GetManifestResourceNames()
But I'm not really sure of a practical way to do this, I did consider manipulating the string .....
I understand multimaps are key ordered. I have no problems with ints but when I put my char arrays in they are not alphabetically ordered. I must use char array and not <string>. Is it possible to alphabetically order them with char*
39 int c; 40 User *user; 41 char nameH[200]; 42 char line[200]; 43 int ageH; 44 double wH;
I have an array in a class with some numbers in a specific order. Now I want to create a set with references to that array ordered after the arrays content. I thought a solution could be something like
class Holder { int o[10]= {1,5,7,2,3,8,4,9,6,0}; public: set<int,my_order> m_s; Holder() { for(int i=0; i<10;i++) { m_s.insert(i);
Write a program that reads in a list of integers into an array with base type of int. Provide the facility to either read this array from the keyboard or from a file, at the user's option. If the user chooses file input the program should request a file name. You may assume that there are fewer than 50 entries in the array. Your program determines how many entries there are. The output is to be a two-column list. The first column is a list of the distinct array elements; the second column is the count of the number of occurrences of each element. The list should be sorted on entries in the first column, largest to smallest.
For example, for the input -12 3 -12 4 1 1 -12 1 -1 1 2 3 4 2 3 -12
the output should be N Count 4 2 3 3 2 2 1 4 -1 1 -12 4
Here's My code So far:
#include <iostream> #include <fstream> using namespace std; const int SIZE = 50;
[Code]....
My Code outputs the numbers From Largest to Smallest according to given array, but I need to make it to output the numbers once(if its repeated)
I was interested in making a food ordering program utilizing voice commands. I hope to build a GUI with items listed on one side, and with voice commands picking up on key words that will add the food to the right of what you chose.
Right now im creating a program that use xbox inputs and then send out keyboard functions using sendInput();
It works fine, but now im creating a system wich lets the user of the program change the settings in a textfile. Wich will then change what the controllers bindings are.
example, if settings.txt says: Y=button(0xIE)
i want the program to know that when xbox button Y is pressed, execute a sendInput function to the Key: A (0xIE).
The problem is that the virtual keycode (0xIE) i take from the settings.txt is stored as a string (lets say it is stored in string Y_event)and input.ki.wScan has to be of type BYTE. i made a function wich changes string into int. (because input.ki.wScan seems to be fine getting a int?)
int stringToInt(string insert) { char back[20]; for(unsigned int e=0;e < insert.length();e++) { back[e]=insert[e]; } return atoi(back); }
but when i run the code nothing happend...
In the code i have a function wich executes the keypress: void pressbutton(int key, int time)
when i send in the converted string it doesn't work but when i send in: (0xIE) it works.
pressButton(stringToInt(Y_Event),50) // doesn't work pressButton(0xIE,50) // works
I'm trying to get the current time for a game and print that to the games chat window. I'm already injected into the process do I don't think I need ReadProcessMemory.
The value i'm trying to read is the game hours 1-12.
//doesn't work byte time_hour_get ( void ) { return *( byte *)0x00B70153; //the address to the memory containing the }
addMessageToChatWindow((char*)time_hour_get); -> when I call this function it looks like s , . I want it to return the integer value like cheat engine. I used byte when scanning for this address
I basically want to create a save editor application that will enable people to alter various values in the save by clicking on releveant buttons and then also for the editor to auto update the checksum when changes are done.
The save file is in hex so from what I can gather I would need to create a button to open the file using 'open file dialogue' and then read the file into a byte array so that the values can be called at any time when a particular butto is pressed and the application will then seek to the point in the file to make the required changes.
I have an application that has its own embedded web server. I am trying to add jQuery/Ajax file upload capabilities to the application however, I am running into issues getting the posted file. The jQuery/Ajax portion is similar to this method here. Due to the way the webserver was written (its in a dll and I do not have access to the source), the posted file comes in as a byte[]. If I try to save the byte array directly to file using:
File.WriteAllBytes("path", ByteArray)
I end up with a corrupt file that I cannot open. I believe this is because the byte array also contains the posted file header info (Content-Disposition, name, filename, etc.). If I view the contents of the byte array using:
System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetString(ByteArray) the header info can be viewed as: ------WebKitFormBoundaryQfPjgEVpjoWgA5JL Content-Disposition: form-data; name="0"; filename="someimage.png" Content-Type: image/png ‰PNG
Based on the selected file size and the size of the byte array, the entire file is in the byte array. How can I go about extracting and saving the posted file from the byte array?
to read byte from the serial port.This function is part of the DLL that came with the chip(FT2232D) I am using on my board.I want to use the function to read a byte from the serial port and then send the value to the Graphic user interface.Unfortunately I was unable to get the expected value on my GUI.If I send for instance 40,what I get on the GUI are letters instead of the number 40 or at times the GUI will not even respond.Below are my lines of code I used to read the byte from the serial port:
The following instructions are executed whenever the CHECKBOX is checked
I am using print/sprintf with a "%i" format string. Works fine if the input is indeed a 32bit integer. But how can i put in 8/16 bit (ie short & byte) 'integers'? If i just throw them in, they are always taken as unsigned, as the topmost bit/s is/are casted to zero... [URL] ....
I'm trying to understand why a conversion from a byte array (unsigned char) to a double works when done one way and not antoher.
In the example code I test by hard coding an unsigned char array of the same bytes that the double consists of.
When I copy the bytes to a long long and cast to double the result is not the original double but if I use a struct the bytes can be set and the conversion happens.
Seems to me that both ways should work. I'd just like to know what is going on with the "struct way" that makes the conversion correct. I see in debugger that the bytes in memory are the same for piAsLong and u.bytes.
My compiler is VS 2012 and a long long and double are both 8 bytes (tested with sizeof). This is learning activity only.
Code: #include "stdafx.h" #include <iostream> #include <iomanip> using namespace std; union { double d;
I'm having trouble reading a block of bytes into a vector of short ints. My code is as follows:
Code: FileStream.seekg(2821); vector<short> g_Data; int iter = 0; g_Data.reserve(maxNumOfInts);
[Code] ....
The relevant block of data starts at offset 2821 in the file. Every two bytes are a signed short integer. What's odd is that it's giving me the correct results only part of the time. At offset 1052421 and 1052422 there are two bytes 40 and 1F that are correctly read in as 8000, but at offset 1052415 and 1052416 bytes 88 and 13 are read in as -120 instead of 5000.
I don't see anything wrong with my code, though, unless I'm misunderstanding completely how to convert an array of two bytes into a single float. Is my method correct? Better still, is there some way to just convert en mass an array of bytes into a vector of signed short ints?
