If f1 and f2 are two user defined functions.
main(){
int *p;
f1(&p)
}
f1(**p){
f2(&p);//
If I've to pass the pointer by reference again in another function, will I've to do something like this?
}
f2(***p){
**p = NULL;
}
The following function uses reference variables as parameters. Rewrite the function so it uses pointers instead of reference variables, and then demonstrate the function in a complete program.
int doSomething(int &x, int &y)
{
int temp =x;
x = y * 10;
y = temp * 10;
return x + y;
}
I understand how to covert the reference variables to pointers, however I am stuck on this error. Either I get the error listed in the title or (with a few changes) the error "invalid conversion from 'int' to 'int*'"
What am I doing incorrectly?
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int doSomething(int*, int*);
int main(){
int X, Y, result;
[Code] ....
I have multiplied both x and y by 10 and then added them together!
Here is the result " //I really didn't know how else to use the "doSomething" function in a meaningful way. So... I just stated what the function does.
<< result << ".
";
system("PAUSE");
return 0;
}
int doSomthing(int *x, int *y)
[Code] .....
I am going to read some codes about image processing and I need to understand functions like this one below?
BOOL Trans_Geo_Affine(CImage *pImgSrc, CImage *pImgDst, BOOL bMatrix,
BOOL bHvInversed, double fScale_xx, double fFlex_xy, double fSkew_yx,
double fRotate_yy, double fTx, double fTy, int nInterpolation, BOOL bResize, BYTE cFill)
[URL]
two parameters, CImage *pImgSrc and CImage *pImgDst. I think they are class pointers and the function is passed by reference. What should I learn to understand this function and its parameters? How should I use this function? how to use the function with two parameters CImage *pImgSrc and CImage *pImgDst.
I created the following code to pass the the variable 'inputVoltage' by reference to the function 'input'. It certainly works when I run the program, but I dont think it is a standard way of doing it, i.e. the use of '*' and '&' is not according to convention ? Or perhaps the way did it is acceptable ?
int input (double *inputVoltage);
int main ( {
double inputVoltage;
input(&inputVoltage);
[Code]....
I am working on incorporating a function in to an already existing piece of code, I have incorporated the function fine as far as I am aware.
The problem I have is that I am trying to pass two int arrays to the function, so that i can manipulate and compare them "the values will be changed the originals cannot be changed"
I am having trouble pulling the information out of the already created array, I am able to pass the pointer reference for the single value which is not exactly what i want "best_prog".
My function is below I have commented the memcpy parts and also the majority of the code isn't there cause it is not needed to see make the copy work.
int edit_distance(int index) {
struct prog *progp = &population[best_prog];
/* The struct of best prog not sure if i need one for the other prog I am trying to compare it with the one below doesn't work as intended.*/
//struct prog *progp = &population[];
int editdistance = 0, ar1 = 0, ar2 = 0, a = 0, b = 0, j = 0, x = 0;
[code].....
I want to scan numbers in from within a function, but have access to them in main, so I tried using pointers to do so:
Code:
// Path Of Exile socket colours simulation
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
[Code].....
I am trying to read the file which has the values stored in the following pattern
2 4 10 103 2 504 .... and so on
I Have opened the file and then passed the opened file to another function to process it further.
here is my code
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
#include <stdlib.h>
[Code].....
now the problem is when the control exits the "while loop" in the function "readingValues(std::ifstream& myFile)it goes straight to catch block ?
Basically I'm trying to pass an object as a reference to the template function, rather than a copy as it's seeing. I'm needing to do this without editing Obj::Call to accommodate a reference as its first parameter, as it'd break other calls.
You'll notice in the following code the object will be destroyed upon passing, while the object defined is still in-scope due to the infinite end loop.
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class Obj {
public:
string name;
Obj(string name): name(name) {cout << "create " << this << endl;}
[code]....
In the past I tried ref(), which appeared to stop this happening, however it created a blank copy of the object instead.
I have a a group of text files that are used as input into a program. Another very similar program needs the same data in a different input format. I am writing a program that will read in each line of data and parse it. I have successfully written the program in main() such that it will read until the end of file. However, I am trying to re-write the program such that the algorithm is in an external function and will read one line at a time and then pass all of the character strings to the main program. The program will not compile and I am positive it has to do with an incorrect use of arrays in passing the variable "token". I am attaching a copy of the main program and the function.
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <cstring>
#include <stdio.h>
void Line_Parse(std::ifstream&,std::ostream&,const char* token);
int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
[Code] .....
typedef struct example_dt_struct {
int a;
float b;
char* c;
};
typedef void(*func)(example_dt_struct *s, int e, int f);
void f(func *n){}
how can i use example_dt_structure with my function pointer into f()
I have in my main(), a function that creates my arg object using boost/program_options.hpp i want to pass this object to another function using templates like this:
Code:
template <typename Targ>
void Count(Targ & arg){
MyObj<string> QueryTab(arg["input-file"].as<string>()); //line number is 352
...
}
However I get an error:
Code:
../include/Filter.hpp: In member function ‘void Count(Targ&)’:
../include/Filter.hpp:352:40: error: expected primary-expression before ‘>’ token
../include/Filter.hpp:352:42: error: expected primary-expression before ‘)’ token
... obviously it does not recognize my intention, what did I do wrong?
Why wouldn't this code compile when adding '<double>' after the function call?
template<class T>
T add(T& a, T& b){
return a + b;
}
int main() {
int a, b;
cin >> a >> b;
cout << add<double>(a,b);
}
Compiler error:
cannot convert 'a' (type 'int') to type 'double&'
I make a class (it stands for an ARMA time series), and I have a method wich modifies some of its variables. In other part of my program I have a function wich receives one object of this class as a parameter and, at some point, it calls the method of the ARMA class to modify it; here is my deal I want to pass the ARMA class by reference to this function, because I want the variables of the instance I'm passing to be modified, not those of a copy the method uses. Also, I would like not to declare the function inside the class ARMA, cause I use it in other places too (it's basically a Nelder-Mead optimization what it performs).
Here is a code wich sketches what I've been trying, and exactly the error message I get is "modifyParameter has not been declared".
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
class ARMA{
[code]....
How can I pass a matrix as a reference parameter? I am using the following declarations:
Code:
typedef std::vector< std::vector<std::string> > ss_matrix_t;
I declare the matrix with the following statement, where nRows and nCols are integers
Code:
std::vector< std::vector<std::string> > vI2Matrix(nRows, std::vector<std::string>(nCols,""));
The function is called with:
Code:
int read_files(std::string fname, int nCols, int nRows, ss_matrix_t &ssMat )
But I get a linker error:
error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "int __cdecl read_splayed_files(class std::basic_string<char,struct std::char_traits<char>,class std::allocator<char> >,int,int,class std::vector<class std::basic_string<char,struct std::char_traits<char>,class std::allocator<char> >,class std::allocator<class std::basic_string<char,struct std::char_traits<char>,class std::allocator<char> > > >,class std::vector<class std::vector<class
[Code] ....
I suspect the syntax of the declaration, but I am not sure what to do here? If I change the call to the function, then the array ( matrix ) is passed by value, and it takes forever:
Code:
int read_files(std::string fname, int nCols, int nRows, ss_matrix_t ssMat )
// this takes ages ( it does compile and link )
I'm having trouble using a stack's functions when passing it by reference.
I'm currently messing around with passing a pointer to the stack instead, but to no avail.
The problem is in my placeInto function. I will label, in my code, where the program stops.
The program is an RPN Calculator, designed to receive keyboard input of an infix mathematical string, convert the infix string into a postfix mathematical string, and then solve the string. The program then outputs the postfix string and the solution.
The program loops through until closed via force-close, as was assigned.
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <stack>
using namespace std;
///////////////////////
// function prototypes //
///////////////////////
// u = unfinished
/* 1*/void welcome(); // welcome screen
[code]....
so I'm trying to rework some code that solves sets of equations by gaussian elimination and wanted to change the array elements to pointers. Below i've put my c code and the custom header file that goes with it.
Header file
#ifndef CHAPTER5_8_H
#define CHAPTER5_8_H
#define N 5
#define INPUT_FILENAME "equations.txt"
[Code].....
Every time we pass an object to a function, and when the function ends and the object is not necessary anymore the destructor is called. if it's passing by value then a copy of the object is passed. if the object has a pointer inside of it so we implement the copy constructor to create a new pointed-variable so the original pointer will not get deleted.
so far so good. But what about passing an object to a non-member function by reference?
The language says that as soon as the function ends - the object will be deleted , because we passed by ref. that means that after the function ends - the object is not usable anymore! =What does that say? that in c++ you can't pass object by ref. because it will get deleted and un-uasable??
Varifying it with a compiler shows that the object is NOT deleted after the function ends.
Why it is necessary to use the reference operator here ?
const string& content() const {return data;}
Example in [URL] ....
// classes and default constructors
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class Example3 {
string data;
[Code] .....
I need to create a function in my program to open an input file and another function to open an output file and I need to use the files in other functions so Im trying to pass the stream object by reference but then i need a condition that tells the compiler not to reopen the file because then it will delete everything and make me input the file names again. Heres the two functions.
void InputFileOpen(ifstream &inFile) {
string file_name;
if(!inFile.is_open()){
cout<< "Enter the input file name: ";
cin>> file_name;
inFile.open(file_name, ios::in);
[code]....
I define an integer variable and pass it by reference to a function.
int func(int &x)
{
// do something
}
int x;
func(x);
However, I have not only one variable but an array of variables with its predefined name. How do I pass to the function by using loop? Example:
int x, y, z;
func(x);
func(y);
func(z);
How can I do this by using loop?
Code:
#include <Data.h>
int main(int arg_count, char** argv) {
if(arg_count!=3){
cerr<<"Files misisng
";
exit(1);
[code]...
This actually should work, because it is passing address of polymorphisms object.I have tried changing prototype of test in Data.h, but failed.passing object address/pointers in C++.
Suppose I have a stl vector of ints, and I want to pass a sub-range of that vector as an argument to a function. One way of doing that would be to copy the sub-range, and then pass that copy by reference, as follows:
Code:
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
int MyFunction(vector<int> &a_vector) {
// Do something
return 0;
[Code] ....
However, it can be time-consuming to copy the elements between the two vectors if my_vector is large. So I'm wondering if it is possible to directly pass a sub-range of my_vector by reference, without having to create a new vector and manually copy over all of the relevant elements?
i'm still unclear between the difference between using pointer and a reference
I understood the concept of pointers in c in the class i took last year
and that was to change the actual value stored in the memory address Code:
void change_a(int a*){
a=6;
}
int main(){
int a=5;
change_a(&a);
}
but in c++ I've been using references in all my assignments because I don't know how to correctly use pointers in c++ I may have missed a class but I'm on spring break and would like to clear things up
so in c++
in my assignments I would call it like this Code:
void change_a(int &a){
a=6;
}
int main(){
int a=5;
change_a(a);
}
so does this change the value in the address or does it make another copy of a in my c++ code and stores 6 in that copy
I have a program that is working very well when I pass C++ vectors as arguments to my functions by reference, but I get some compilation errors when try to make a modification. I am also posting the entire program and its output below. so that you can see what is going on. I have commented out the line that causes an error.(Some of the indentation that got corrupted when I copied the code to the browser.)
This program basically calculates the coefficients of a least square polynomial and then evaluates this polynomial at artificial data points and verifies that this actually reproduces the original data within reasonable floating point error.
The function that computes the coefficients of the least square polynomial is Code: vector<double> LSPVecValued_GSL( const int, const vector<float> &, const vector<float> &); and as you can see it returns a vector by value, and this vector contains the coefficients of the least square polynomial.
There is also a function that evaluates this polynomial by accepting a vector argument by reference : Code: float evaluate_polynomial(double, vector<double>& ) ; I have also created another version of the evaluation function which accepts the same vector argument by value: Code: float evaluate_polynomial_ByValue(double t, vector<double> vec_a) ; In the program I call the first evaluation function (whose vector argument is passed by reference) by first using an intermediate vector variable containing the coefficients, and then I pass this vector as an argument to the evaluation function, as follows:
Code:
vec_a = LSPVecValued_GSL( deg, vec_x , vec_y);
for(int j=0; j< n ; j=j+20 ) {
cout<<"x["<<j<<"] = " << vec_x[j] << " ,y["<<j<<"] = " << vec_y[j] <<" , p(x["<<j<<"]) ( EVALUATED FROM REFERENCE) = "
<< evaluate_polynomial( vec_x[j], vec_a) << endl; // This version works without error
[Code] .....
As you can see above, I am also able to call the second evaluation function (the one whose vector argument is passed by value) directly by plugging in the function LSPVecValued_GSL"(...)" and this works without error, and this is a one step process, only one line of code is involved.
However, I get a compilation error (line number 12 that I have commented out above) if I try to plug in the function "LSPVecValued_GSL(...)" into the first evaluation function that expects a vector argument by reference. I tried to put a "&" in front ofLSPVecValued_GSL but this did not fix the bug.
What syntax is appropriate to use the first evaluation function (which accepts a vector argument by reference) if I want to plug in the vector-valued function LeastSquarePolynomial_GSL directly in the the first version of the evaluation function which expects a vector argument by reference?
I asked a few questions a few weeks ago about vectors and the fact that their data is stored on the heap. When a function closes, anything in its scope is destroyed, if it's passed by reference it won't be destroyed since it's outside the scope.
I have a program where I create a vector in one function, then pass it by reference to another. When I test for memory leaks, I get told I have 1 memory leak in in my start() function, and one memory leak in my save() function.
It's just a simple program that creates a vector, populates it with some numbers, then saves the numbers in a file. If I'm passing my vector by reference to another function, do I need to manually do something to avoid memory leaks? I'll post the code below.
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cmath>
[Code].....
Does putting a ref when passing a struct to a parameter work? Say i have this code
struct struct1 {
public int i;
public void show() {
Console.WriteLine(i);
[Code] ....
The output doesn't change. The result is
0
100
500
0