C++ :: Bit Shifting - Cache Simulator

I'm attempting to make a cache simulator in C++. But I need to access individual bits in an integer to figure out where in my "cache" the writing actually gets done. I'm pretty new to bit shifting. Say I'm trying to access the the bits of the int 5, which are its "address". I'm simulating a direct mapped cache. I need to find its tag, the set it goes into, and which line. How do I use bit shifting to access the bits to acquire the tag, the index bits, offset bits, block number...all these pieces in order to actually find where I store it in the cache.